Small missile ships of project 1234.1 are a further development of project 1234. They received powerful weapons and more advanced electronic equipment. RTOs are designed to destroy surface ships and formations of the enemy fleet in the far and near sea zones, cover escort and landing operations of the fleet forces, and patrol in specified areas.
"Mirage"(1986, tail number 617),
"Calm"(1978, tail number 620).
Small anti-submarine ships of project 1124M are a further development of project 1124. They received more powerful weapons, a new sonar and advanced electronic equipment. The ships of this project are designed to search for and destroy enemy submarine forces in the far and near sea zones, provide anti-aircraft defense and air defense of fleet formations, cover escort and landing operations of the fleet forces, and patrol in specified areas. They were built in several series, which differ slightly in performance characteristics. Project 1124M MPKs are the main escort ships of the Russian Navy.
As part of the Black Sea Fleet:
MPK-118 "Suzdalets"(1983, tail number 071),
MPK-134 Muromets(1982, tail number 064),
MPK-199 "Kasimov"(1986, tail number 055),
MPK-207 "Povorino"(1989, tail number 053),
MPK-217 "Yeisk"(1989, tail number 054).
Project 1124 small anti-submarine ship "Aleksandrovets" is designed to search for and destroy enemy submarine forces in the far and near sea zones, provide anti-aircraft defense and air defense of fleet formations, cover escort and landing operations of the fleet forces, and patrol in specified areas. The ships of this project were the main escort ships of the Soviet Navy. They were built in several series. The MPK received modern air defense and anti-aircraft defense weapons, two sonar, new electronic equipment. "Aleksandrovets" is the last operating ship of the project.
In the fleet since 1982.
The small anti-submarine ship "Vladimirets" of project 1145.1 is a further development of project 1141. It received new weapons, more advanced sonar and electronic equipment, and the design of the ship was improved. As a power plant, he received gas turbines of an economic course, which makes it possible to provide a wide range of speeds and modes of travel. Small anti-submarine ships are unique in their design - they are equipped with fixed-type hydrofoils with automatically controlled flaps. Project 1145.1 MPKs are designed to search for and destroy enemy submarine forces in the far and near sea zones, provide anti-aircraft defense and air defense of fleet formations, cover escort and landing operations of fleet forces, and patrol in specified areas. IPCs on PC are unparalleled in any fleet in the world. "Vladimirets" is the last operational ship of the series.
In the fleet since 1991.
The sea minesweeper "Zheleznyakov" of project 12660 is a new generation anti-mine ship, which received modern weapons, electronic equipment, means of searching for and destroying mines. For the first time in domestic fleet can search for mines right in the direction of the ship. The MTSC is designed to search for and destroy mines in the far and near sea zones, cover convoy and landing operations of the fleet forces, and patrol in specified areas. Project 12660 MTShch are the most advanced anti-mine ships of the Russian Navy.
In the fleet since 1988.
Sea minesweeper "Vice-Admiral Zakharyin" project 02668 is a further development of the project 266M. The ship received new weapons, anti-mine systems (for example, GAS "Livadia") and electronic equipment. The minesweeper can search for mines right in the direction of the ship. It is designed to search for and destroy mines in the far and near sea zones, cover escort and landing operations of the fleet forces, and patrol in specified areas.
In the fleet since 2009
Sea minesweeper "Valentin Pikul" project 266ME is a further development of the project 266M. The ship received new weapons, anti-mine systems and electronic equipment. The minesweeper is designed to search for and destroy mines in the far and near sea zones, cover escort and landing operations of the fleet forces, and patrol in specified areas.
In the fleet since 2001.
Marine minesweepers of project 266M are a further development of project 266. They received new weapons and anti-mine systems, the design of the ship was improved. Minesweepers are designed to search for and destroy mines in the far and near sea zones, cover escort and landing operations of the fleet forces, and patrol in specified areas. They were the main type of anti-mine ship of the sea zone of the USSR Navy.
As part of the Black Sea Fleet:
"Vice Admiral Zhukov"(1978, tail number 909),
"Ivan Golubets"(1973, tail number 911),
"Turbinist"(1972, tail number 912),
"Kovrovets"(1974, tail number 913).
Project 1265 base minesweepers are designed to search for and destroy mines in the near sea and base zones, cover escort and landing operations of the fleet forces, and patrol in specified areas. Produced in several series, which differed slightly in performance characteristics. This project was the main type of anti-mine ship in the base zone of the USSR Navy.
As part of the Black Sea Fleet:
BT-40 "Lieutenant Ilyin"(1982, tail number 438),
BT-241 "Mineralnye Vody"(1990, tail number 426).
History
History before 1917
The Black Sea Fleet was founded in 1783 after the annexation of Crimea to Russia. The first point of its base was the Akhtiar Bay, located on the southwestern coast of the Crimean Peninsula. The city of Sevastopol was founded here.
The fleet developed and grew at a rapid pace, and already in 1787 it consisted of 3 battleships, 12 frigates, 3 bombing ships, 28 other warships. The Black Sea Admiralty controlled the fleet.
According to bilateral agreements on the temporary (until May 28, 2017) presence of the Black Sea Fleet (BSF) of the Russian Federation in Ukraine of 1995 and 1997, the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation and the Ukrainian Navy were created on the basis of the Black Sea Fleet with separate basing on the territory of Ukraine.
70% of the entire infrastructure of the Russian Black Sea Fleet is located on the territory of Crimea. The 25,000th fleet personnel is stationed at three bases: in Sevastopol (Sevastopolskaya, Yuzhnaya, Karantinnaya, Kazachya bays), Feodosia, Novorossiysk and temporarily - in Nikolaev, where Russian ships are being built and repaired.
According to the Agreement between Ukraine and the Russian Federation on the status and conditions of the Black Sea Fleet Russian Federation on the territory of Ukraine dated May 31, 1997, in Ukrainian territorial waters and on land, there may be a group of Russian ships and vessels numbering up to 388 units (of which 14 are diesel submarines). The leased airfields in Gvardeisky and Sevastopol (Kach) can accommodate 161 aircraft. This is quite comparable to the power of the Turkish naval grouping. The specified Agreement is concluded for 20 years. The term of the Agreement will be automatically extended for subsequent five-year periods, unless either Party notifies the other Party in writing of the termination of the Agreement no later than one year before its expiration.
Despite this, for example, according to the Internet portal Flot.com dated March 26, 2009:
“Modernization of the ship structure of the Russian Black Sea Fleet on the territory of Crimea is possible only with the consent of Ukraine. This was stated on March 25 by the press secretary of the Ukrainian Foreign Ministry, Vasily Kirilich, in response to reports that appeared in the media that the Russian Navy intends to transfer submarines to the Black Sea Fleet.
The replacement of the weapons of the Black Sea Fleet should take place only with the consent of Ukraine, which is provided for by the agreement on the division of the Black Sea Fleet of 1997, and only after the signing of regulatory documents by both parties, Kirilich specified.
The Ukrainian side is against the replenishment of the Black Sea Fleet on the territory of Ukraine with combat units, while the replacement should be carried out adequately, in accordance with the type and class of ships being replaced. This issue is not new and Ukraine's position on it is well known to the Russian side, Kyrylych added.
Earlier, Vice Admiral Oleg Burtsev, Deputy Chief of the Main Staff of the Russian Navy, said that the Black Sea Fleet should have at least 8-10 submarines and will be replenished with them. Ukraine considers this not as a renewal of the fleet, but as the supply of a new type of weapon, - he commented on the statement of the Ukrainian side.
Chronicle of political confrontation
According to the leadership of the Russian Federation, the aggravation of relations between Ukraine and the Russian Federation was caused by the election in 2004 of the new President of Ukraine Viktor Yushchenko, who, being the guarantor of the Constitution of Ukraine, is obliged to guarantee the fulfillment of the requirements of Part 7 of Article 17 of the Constitution of Ukraine, which states that “on the territory of Ukraine there are no deployment of foreign military bases is allowed”, as well as paragraph 14 of the Transitional Provisions of the Constitution of Ukraine, which states that “the use of existing military bases on the territory of Ukraine for the temporary stay of foreign military formations is possible on a lease basis in the manner determined by international treaties of Ukraine ratified by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine ".
On the night of January 18-19, the command of the Black Sea Fleet blocks the entry of equipment to the Crimean Sarych lighthouse by placing an armored personnel carrier on its territory. In addition, the command introduces armed units of marines to the four main Crimean lighthouses - Aytodorsky, Evpatoria, Tarkhankutsky and Sarych. Due to unauthorized transfer military equipment to Cape Sarych, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine sends a note of protest to Russia.
The development of events is reminiscent of a similar Russian-Ukrainian confrontation in 2003, when a dispute over several islands of the Tuzla Spit in the Kerch Strait, with a total area of about 3 km², almost escalated into a military clash. In December 2003, "intervention" was required Russian President to resolve the crisis around the Tuzla Spit together with the Ukrainian president.
Representatives of Ukrainian nationalist organizations are constantly picketing objects of the Russian fleet in Crimea, demanding "to stop the occupation of Ukraine."
Ships of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Navy.
In December, the plans of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine for the redeployment of troops to the Ukrainian-Russian border were made public, but after solving problems with gas transit through the territory of Ukraine and the price of gas for Ukraine, these plans were forgotten.
On June 23, Ukrainian police officers detained a service bus of the Black Sea Fleet with 30 sailors who were on their way to Mount Opuk to the place of training of marines. The verification of documents lasted more than 20 hours and ended with the preparation of protocols on administrative offense under the article “Violation by foreigners and stateless persons of the rules of stay in Ukraine” and the entry of one of the servicemen into a military hospital with heat stroke. Prior to this, similar cases also took place. Ukrainian police officers referred to their implementation of Presidential Decree No. 705/2008 of August 13, 2008 “On the situation around movements associated with the activities of military formations of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation outside their places of deployment on the territory of Ukraine.” At the same time, the command of the fleet sent a protest to the Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine in Sevastopol. In the document, the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation requires the police to "immediately stop illegal actions" against the Black Sea sailors.
In June 2009, SBU chairman Valentin Nalyvaichenko said that FSB officers should leave Ukrainian territory, citing that the protocol between the FSB and the SBU, signed on January 25, 2000, violated Ukrainian law. On December 10, 2009, it was reported that all employees of the military counterintelligence of the FSB of the Russian Federation, who worked in Sevastopol in the Russian Black Sea Fleet, left the territory of Ukraine, having fulfilled the requirement of the SBU.
2010 2011
According to the decision of the Economic Court of Crimea dated August 2 this year, the beacons of the Russian Black Sea Fleet were to be seized by Ukrainian bailiffs. In particular, the bailiffs were to return to Ukraine two stations of the RS-10 radio navigation system, located in Evpatoria and on the territory of the Tarkhankut Lighthouse, and 6 lighthouses, 9 navigation signs and other equipment located along the Crimean coast were also subject to seizure.
On August 21, activists of the Student Brotherhood youth organization began a civil action to intensify the activities of the executive service for the return of Crimean lighthouses to Ukraine: they entered the territory of the Sarych lighthouse, cut off the barbed wire and hung out signs "Object of the Ministry of Infrastructure of Ukraine" . 8 people were detained by sailors of the Black Sea Fleet and handed over to the arrived Ukrainian police. On August 23, activists of the same youth organization set up pickets in Sevastopol near the Khersones lighthouse of the Black Sea Fleet demanding its transfer to Ukraine. The Ukrainian Foreign Ministry noted that they have a negative attitude towards the attempts of representatives of public organizations to penetrate the territory of the Russian Black Sea Fleet in Crimea, since this could lead to tragic consequences.
On October 19, Russia and Ukraine failed to sign an agreement on replacing the ships of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation with new ones. The Ukrainian side put forward conditions under which Russia had to coordinate with it every step to replace ships, provide a complete list of weapons for new ships, and conclude contracts for their maintenance with Ukrainian ship repair enterprises. The same applies to ground equipment, coastal systems, aviation.
On March 6, the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation Anatoly Serdyukov asked to take 440 apartments of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation into the balance of Sevastopol. The reason was stated high price for gas.
On April 20, the Russian side asked Ukraine to abolish $15,000,000 in taxes on cargo entering the country for the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation. At the same time, Russia promises to use the released funds to promote the socio-economic development of Sevastopol and other settlements where the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation is stationed.
Fleet commanders
Here are the commanders of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation. Lists of commanders of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Empire and the Black Sea Fleet of the USSR Navy - see the relevant articles.
Current state
Payroll of the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (2011)
| Type | Name | Manufacturer | Board number | Bookmark date | Launching | Commissioning | State | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cruisers - 1 | ||||||||
| Missile cruiser project 1164, type "Atlant" | "Moscow" | Plant named after 61 Communards (Nikolaev) | 121 | 05.11.1976 | 27.07.1979 | 30.12.1982 | In line. Fleet flagship. In 1991-1999 underwent a major overhaul with modernization. Rearmed from the Basalt SCRC to the Vulkan SCRC 11th brigade of anti-submarine ships Based in Sevastopol. Includes the flagship of the Black Sea Fleet guards missile cruiser "Moskva" (project 1164), two large anti-submarine ships of project 1134 "Kerch" and "Ochakov" (the latter is not in service) and patrol ships "Sharp-witted" (project 61M), "Okay" and "Inquisitive" (both - project 1135). 197th Landing Ship Brigade Based in Sevastopol. Includes Project 1171 large landing ships Nikolai Filchenkov, Orsk (not in service) and Saratov, as well as Project 775 and 775M Azov, Novocherkassk, Caesar Kunikov and Yamal. 166th Division of Small Missile Ships Based in Sevastopol (Kurinaya Bay). It consists of Project 1239 Bora and Samum hovercraft missile ships, as well as Project 12341 Mirage and Shtil small missile ships. 295th Missile Boat Battalion Based in Sevastopol (Karantinnaya Bay). Includes missile boats R-71 (project 12411R), R-109, R-239, R-60 and R-334-Ivanovets (project 12411).247th Separate Submarine Battalion Based in Sevastopol. It consists of two diesel submarines: B-871 "Alrosa" and B-380 "Saint Prince George" (the latter is under repair). 68th brigade of ships for the protection of the water area 400th division of anti-submarine ships Based in Sevastopol. Includes four small anti-submarine ships: MPK-49 Aleksandrovets (project 1124), MPK-118 Suzdalets and MPK-134 Muromets (project 1124M), MPK-220 Vladimirets (project 11451). 418th Minesweeper Battalion Based in Sevastopol. Includes four project 266M sea minesweepers: Ivan Golubets, Vice Admiral Zhukov, Turbinist and Kovrovets.422 separate division of hydrographic vessels of the State Service of the Black Sea Fleet Based in Sevastopol, b. South. Vessels pr.861 (MSS "Cheleken"), 862/II (MSS "Stvor" and HS "Donuzlav"), 872/II (MSS "GS-402"), plus large and small hydrographic boats. The last commander of the division is Captain 2nd Rank Chizhov Dmitry Ivanovich. In February 2012, in connection with the organizational events held in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, 422 odngs ceased to exist. Instead, a group of ships was created, with Aleksey Vasilievich Pogrebnyakov appointed as group captain - http://www.kvvmku.ru/forum/profile.php?mode=viewprofile&u=2087&sid=. In addition, the service department of JSC "Slavyanka" was kicked out of the building at 4 Suvorov Street. Now they huddle along Gogol, 37. Coastal troops of the Black Sea Fleet11th separate coastal missile and artillery brigade of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation Based in Anapa. 810th Marine Brigade of the Russian Black Sea Fleet Based in Sevastopol. Based in Temryuk. 1096th separate anti-aircraft missile regiment of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation Based in Sevastopol. 431st naval reconnaissance point Based in Tuapse Naval Aviation Black Sea Fleet7057th mixed air base of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation The Kacha airfield is based. Assault Squadron 7057 AvB Black Sea Fleet The Gvardeyskoye airfield is based. Teachings of the Black Sea FleetCombat operations of the Russian Black Sea FleetBasing of the Black Sea Fleet in UkraineRussia leases most of the quay walls of the port of Sevastopol for parking more than 30 warships and vessels. The headquarters of the Black Sea Fleet, the central communications center, the naval hospital, the 1096th anti-aircraft missile regiment, the 810th separate marine regiment, the 17th arsenal, and the yacht club are also based in Sevastopol. The total number of the Black Sea Fleet in the Crimea is about 14,000 people. In March 2005, Russian Defense Minister Sergei Ivanov announced that Sevastopol would remain the main naval base of the Russian Black Sea Fleet until at least 2017. Despite the construction of a naval base in Novorossiysk, there are no plans to transfer the Black Sea Fleet headquarters and ship personnel there. In 2010, the so-called Kharkiv agreements were signed between Russia and Ukraine, according to which the basic agreement on the lease of ship bases in Sevastopol was extended until 2042 with the right to further extend for another 5 years. The rent of the naval base in Sevastopol costs Russia $98 million a year and is paid for by Russian gas supplies. Commissioning of new shipsOn May 15, 2012, a solemn ceremony of hoisting the naval flag on a boat took place in Novorossiysk special purpose"Rook" project 21980. 2011
see also
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Notes
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Return to home port:
The Black Sea Fleet after the reunification of Crimea with Russia
The Black Sea Fleet (BSF) was founded in May 1783 after the annexation of Crimea to Russia. Sevastopol became his main base.
Two years ago, after the reunification of Crimea with Russia, the Black Sea Fleet gained a second wind. Today, one of its tasks is to support the actions of the Russian Aerospace Forces in Syria.
Alexander Vitko, Commander of the Black Sea Fleet
As a result of the defeat in the Crimean War under the Paris Peace Treaty of 1856, Russia lost the right to have a navy on the Black Sea. These restrictions were abolished by the London Convention of 1871.
After October revolution In 1917, during the withdrawal of the White Guard troops of General Wrangel from the Crimea, over 130 ships and vessels were taken abroad. In 1921, a decision was made to restore the Black Sea Fleet. For 1929-1937 The Black Sea Fleet received more than 500 warships of various classes, hundreds of warplanes.
During the years of the Great Patriotic War The Black Sea Fleet conducted 24 landing operations, 835 enemy ships and vessels were sunk, 539 damaged. 18 ships and units were awarded the title of Guards, 228 people became Heroes Soviet Union. The heroic defense of Sevastopol during the war years is known far beyond the borders of Russia.
In the post-war years, new ships and military equipment entered service with the fleet, which allowed the ships to go on long voyages. In 1991, the fleet consisted of about 100 thousand people personnel, 835 ships and vessels of almost all existing classes.
How the Black Sea Fleet was divided
After the collapse of the USSR in 1991, the Black Sea Fleet became the object of a dispute between Russia and Ukraine. The agreement was reached only in 1997, when Moscow and Kyiv, in preparation for the signing of the "Great Treaty" of friendship and cooperation, agreed on the division of the fleet.
The Ukrainian side got 67 ships and 90 combat aircraft, and Russia - 338 ships and 106 aircraft and helicopters. In addition, bases in Crimea were transferred to Russia on a leasehold basis. The agreements were concluded until 2017, and then in 2010 they were extended until 2042.
Beginning in 2000, the Ukrainian Foreign Ministry blocked the conclusion of an agreement on the pace and conditions for the renewal of the Black Sea Fleet, insisting that each replacement be carried out with the permission of Kyiv on a "type for type" and "class for class" principle. The Russian side did not agree with this, as a result, the agreement was never concluded.
In 2008, President of Ukraine Viktor Yushchenko signed two decrees (numbers 705 and 706), which banned the simplified regime for crossing the state border of Ukraine by the Black Sea Fleet formations. Kyiv also refused to cancel customs payments when importing material and technical means and goods for the Black Sea Fleet into the territory of Ukraine.
As a result, since 1997, the Black Sea Fleet has been strengthened by only one Samum hovercraft missile ship and Su-24 front-line bombers.
New life
After the reunification of Crimea with Russia, in 2015 alone, the fleet received more than 200 units of new types of weapons and military equipment, about 40 different ships and vessels, including:
Three new generation diesel-electric submarines,
Two small rocket ships
10 combat boats,
20 ships and boats of the auxiliary fleet,
Over 30 aircraft(including Su-30SM fighters and drone sets).
Parts of the coastal troops were replenished with 140 units of the latest armored vehicles.
In 2015, the frigate "Admiral Grigorovich" was tested in the Baltic. In total, six ships are planned to be built under this project, of which the Black Sea Fleet will receive three in 2016 - the Admiral Grigorovich, the Admiral Essen, and the Admiral Makarov. Also in 2016, two final diesel-electric submarines of project 636.3 will be launched and transferred to the fleet. Velikiy Novgorod and Kolpino.
Vladimir Putin, President of the Russian Federation
Prior to his appointment as commander of the Serpukhov, Lyushin was assistant commander on the Shtil RTO, launched in 1978. "These ships cannot be compared. Serpukhov is a ship of a new generation, with a high degree of automation. More conditions have been created for the commander to cover everything that happens inside the ship with his attention. There is a video surveillance system. ship monitoring helps in emergency situations," says Lyushin.
The sailors monitor the life support systems of the ship from a special cabin equipped with consoles and screens. At the same time, they joke: on the Serpukhov the control system is electronic, and on the old ships there was a voice one. They just shouted: "How are you doing there, in the engine room?"
From stocks to military service
For the foreman of the missile team, midshipman Denis Terentyev, the Serpukhov is the third ship. The R-44 boat, on which he began to serve, was withdrawn from the fleet "by age", like many ships of the Black Sea Fleet, which was "aging" in the Ukrainian period.
“We received this ship from the slipways,” says Terentiev. “We were on a business trip in Zelenodolsk in Tatarstan for six months. I saw it from the very roots, when there was only metal and not a single light bulb.”
From Tatarstan, Serpukhov arrived in Novorossiysk, where the crew underwent the first training, and the ship underwent sea and state trials.
The midshipman remembered how, on the day of the famous launch from the Caspian Sea, his mother from Volgograd called him: "She said that for the first time in many years she felt pride in her country and was very glad that her son served on such a ship."
According to him, Serpukhov has a very special atmosphere even in everyday life.
The midshipman admits that the entire crew of the Serpukhov is a little jealous of the twin ship Zeleny Dol, which is currently performing tasks as part of the permanent grouping of the Navy in the Mediterranean. The sailors hope to change comrades soon.
When the Serpukhov goes to sea, more fruits will appear in the diet of sailors, mainly Crimean and Krasnodar fruits, said senior sailor Nikolai Goncharenko, who serves as a cook. According to him, the only thing in which the most modern ship of the fleet does not differ from its "senior comrades" is the diet of sailors.
"There is no difference in nutritional standards. Sailors eat three times a day, plus evening tea. At sea, we have additional norms: more juices, milk, butter, sausages," the cook said.
Soft mattresses and a secret library
For the senior electrician of the anti-aircraft missile battery Vitaly Salchuk at Serpukhov, everything is different. He began to serve under the contract in 2013 on the missile boat "Priluki" of the Ukrainian Navy. After the reunification of Crimea with Russia, he transferred to the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation.
“Look, there are curtains, large beds, soft mattresses, comfortable lockers, like in a compartment car,” Vitaly shows his cabin. “Those guys who don’t rent apartments in the city live here, the conditions are normal. It was in the 1980s, and it remains so: the beds are small, everything is old, in the cabin there are cable routes along the bulkheads.
According to Salchuk, the conditions of service under a contract in Russia are much more favorable both in terms of monetary allowance and in terms of material support.
A significant part of the crew service is self-training, the development of new modern technology. Sailors receive special literature in the ship's secret library and outline it. All books are paper, the use of personal gadgets on the ship is prohibited, they are handed over to the duty officer when they come to work. Along with theory a large number of commanders devote time to practical exercises.
ship hospital
Dashboards and computer screens throughout the ship give the illusion of a scientific institution. The fact that all this was created for the conduct of real hostilities, you remember in the wheelhouse of the paramedic Alexander Terekhin. He showed medical devices for first aid in case of wounds, an operating table, which, if necessary, will be deployed in the wardroom, and devices for transporting the victims.
One of the duties of a paramedic is to monitor the temperature regime both in the cockpit and at combat posts.
"There is only one window on the Serpukhov - in the wheelhouse on duty. The design features do not affect the well-being of the crew. As for comfort, we have air conditioners everywhere. The temperature is set in each cockpit. There are no problems with ventilation. Warm in winter, cool in summer, " Terekhin says.
May 13 - Day of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Navy - an annual holiday celebrated in honor of the creation of the Black Sea Fleet.
The formation of the Black Sea Fleet began after joining Russian Empire in 1783. The first basing point for the Black Sea Fleet was the Akhtiar (Sevastopol) bay southwest of the Crimean peninsula. It was here that it was laid. Now the Black Sea Flotilla is based at the Sevastopol and Novorossiysk naval bases.
What is the Russian Fleet?
Today, the Russian Black Sea Fleet ensures the country's military security in the south. It consists of 2739 ships - sailing, linear, large missile, patrol, reconnaissance, landing, small missile, mine-sweeping ships, squadron battleships and destroyers, cruisers, submarines, sea hunters, gunboats, cutters, rescue, auxiliary, hydrographic vessels and other vessels. In addition, the fleet also has submarines, surface ships for operations in the oceanic and near sea zones, naval missile-carrying, anti-submarine and fighter aircraft, and parts of coastal troops. Aviation is stationed at the airfields of Kacha (7057th mixed air base of the Black Sea Fleet) and Gvardeisky (assault squadron 7057 AvB of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation).
The number of personnel of the Black Sea Fleet by the spring of 2014 was 25,000 people.
In 2013, ships of the fleet made 9 long hikes, having visited 37 ports of 13 states. Planes and helicopters of the Naval Aviation of the Black Sea Fleet completed more than 300 sorties in a year.
From 2014, the Black Sea Fleet will begin to replenish with new generation submarines. Until the beginning of 2015, the flotilla will take into service the first of six patrol ships of the Admiral Grigorovich project, built at the Yantar Baltic shipyard in Kaliningrad, and until 2016, the Black Sea Fleet will receive submarines built by JSC Admiralty Shipyards (St. Petersburg). In total, they want to allocate more than 86 billion rubles for the development of the Black Sea Fleet until 2020. In places where the Russian fleet is based, it is also planned to create new air defense units and marine infantry formations.
History of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation
The Black Sea Fleet was founded in the 18th century by decree Empress Catherine II after the annexation of Crimea to Russia. On May 13, 1783, the ships of the Azov and Dnieper fleets entered the bay near the village of Akhtiar (later the city of Sevastopol). From now on naval forces in the south of Russia they became known as the Black Sea Fleet.
Emblem of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation. Photo: Commons.wikimedia.org / Ministry of Defence
Its successor was the Black Sea Fleet of the USSR Navy, which existed until the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, after which in 1996 it was divided into the Black Sea Fleet of Russia and the Ukrainian Navy with separate bases on Ukrainian territory. August 3, 1992 in Mukhalatka (near Yalta) the presidents of the two countries Boris Yeltsin And Leonid Kravchuk signed an Agreement on a phased settlement of the problem of the Black Sea Fleet, according to which the Ukrainian Navy and the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation are based separately.
And on June 9, 1995 in Sochi, the presidents of the Russian Federation and Ukraine Boris Yeltsin and Leonid Kuchma the Agreement on Separate Basing of the Russian Black Sea Fleet and the Naval Forces of Ukraine was signed.
Sevastopol was assigned the status of the main base of the Russian Black Sea Fleet. The ships were divided in the proportion of 81.7% - Russia, 18.3% - Ukraine.
On May 28, 1997, three agreements were signed in Kyiv between Ukraine and Russia: on the parameters of the division of the Black Sea Fleet, on the status and conditions for the presence of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation on the territory of Ukraine. The cost of renting the base of the Black Sea Fleet in Ukraine amounted to $98 million. In addition, according to the agreements, the Russian Federation had to pay for utilities and transport services. According to the documents, the period of use by the Russian fleet of land, water areas, bays and infrastructure facilities in Crimea was 20 years from the date of signing.
Ukraine agreed to the deployment of Russian naval facilities in Sevastopol: 31 test centers, the Guards airfield, as well as high-frequency communication points in Yalta and Sudak, and the Crimean military sanatorium. On the rights of a 20-year lease, the main bay - Sevastopolskaya with berths for parking more than 30 warships, Karantinnaya Bay with a brigade of missile boats of the Black Sea Fleet and a diving range, Cossack Bay, where the Marine Corps brigade is located, South Bay. Ships of the Russian and Ukrainian fleets are jointly based in Streletskaya Bay, with the Black Sea Fleet controlling the coastal infrastructure of the bay. Russia also received the main arsenal of ammunition, the missile base of the Black Sea Fleet, a landing range, the 31st test center in Feodosia, two airfields: Guards near Simferopol and Sevastopol (Kacha).
According to the agreements, Russia could have no more than 25,000 personnel in Ukraine, 24 artillery systems with a caliber of more than 100 mm, 132 armored vehicles, and 22 aircraft. The number of Russian ships and vessels should not exceed 388 units. At the leased airfields in Gvardeisky and Sevastopol (Kach) it was possible to place 161 aircraft.
Coastal ships of the Black Sea Fleet in the parking lot near the city of Sevastopol. Photo: RIA Novosti / Sergey Petrosyan
April 21, 2010 Presidents of the Russian Federation and Ukraine Dmitry Medvedev And Victor Yanukovich in Kharkiv, they signed an Agreement on the issues of the presence of the Russian Black Sea Fleet on the territory of Ukraine (ratified by the State Duma of the Russian Federation and the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine on April 27, 2010). The stay of the Russian base in the Black Sea was extended for 25 years (until 2042) with the right to extend for the next five-year period if neither side declares the need to terminate this agreement.
The cost of the rent for the stay of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation on the territory of Ukraine until May 28, 2017 is $97.75 million per year. They wrote it off to pay off the state debt of Ukraine to Russia. Beginning May 28, 2017, the lease payment was to be $100 million per annum, plus additional discounts for Russian gas of $100 above $330 per thousand cubic meters, or 30% of the contract price.
Denunciation of the Agreements
In March 2014, the main base of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation in Sevastopol came under the jurisdiction of Russia. The Kharkiv agreements, according to which the fleet was based in the Crimea, were denounced by the Russian Federation due to the loss of the subject of the agreements. On March 18, 2014, an Agreement was signed between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Crimea on the formation of new subjects within the Russian Federation.
Russian President Vladimir Putin instructed the government, together with the Ministry of Defense, to develop a program for the development of the Black Sea Fleet. The deadline for execution of the order is June 1, 2014. Responsible for implementation Russian Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev And Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu.
Posted By website on 08/15/2012
Black Sea Fleet - ships of the Black Sea Fleet of Sevastopol photos
And it would not be right not to inspect the Black Sea Fleet of Russia and Ukraine from the water. At least a small part of it. And plus to this - if you have not seen sea giants before, then it will be doubly interesting.
Excursions are offered in two places, both to the right and to the left of the ferry crossing to the server part of Sevastopol
In the presence of a normal number of participants, it is quite possible to bargain with private traders. Yes, and if the group has already been recruited and is about to leave, but there are not enough people for a couple, then you can also bargain a little for the complete set and urgency.
In our group - a company on a pleasure boat, a wealthy American was found - a spy))) with an interpreter. She conducted excursions and at the same time told - the brave captain. A sea wolf who managed to visit America and live there for a while. In the end, the time that we were waiting for before the set of the number of participants, he told a lot of interesting things about this country and its customs. In general, it was fun and interesting.
The excursion itself took place along the waters of the bay with the passage of the moored warships of the Russian Navy. I must say that the guide - the captain, we got quite competent and clearly told what kind of ship model, what it was intended for, where and in what he participated and when he went to sea for the last time. In general, quite interesting and entertaining facts.
We were a little lucky and on the way back we also passed by a Russian fleet submarine standing at the pier, on which the sailors were carrying huge cables. In general, it was very interesting, especially to me as a land representative of humanity. True, quite transient as it naturally seemed to me. In general, as in any business, it is important who and what will tell you. Since it is clear that the majesty and size of warships are of interest to almost everyone - but the details of the place are never superfluous and make the tour even more expressive.
Now let's add a few historical facts: The Black Sea Fleet begins its history in 1783 immediately after the inclusion of Crimea into Russia. The original base of the fleet was the Akhtiar Bay, where, over time, the modern city of Sevastopol was founded.
With the collapse of the USSR, the Soviet Black Sea Fleet was currently divided into:
Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (BSF) - operational-strategic association Navy Russian Federation on the Black Sea (fleet flagship - "Moscow" No. 121 - missile cruiser);
Naval Forces of Ukraine (flagship "Hetman Sahaydachny" U130 - border guard ship).
In accordance with interstate agreements of 1995 and 1997, the term of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation in Crimea ends on May 28, 2017, with a rent of $98 million.
About 70% of the ground technical infrastructure is currently located on the territory of Crimea Russian fleet. The numerical strength of which is 25,000 people. The main bases of the Navy of the Russian Federation are in Sevastopol - Sevastopolskaya, Yuzhnaya, Karantinnaya, Kazachya bays, as well as Feodosia and Novorossiysk.
Quote by P. S. Nakhimov - "to block the entrance of enemy ships to the raid and thereby save Sevastopol." On August 27, 1855, after the completion of the defense of the South Side, the rest of the fleet was forced to be flooded.
The name of the ship is "Priazovie", tail number SSV-201, Project - 864, in service since 1987 519th separate division of reconnaissance ships
The name of the ship is "Priazovye", tail number SSV-201, Project - 864, in service since 1987. Liman", project - 861M, in service since 1989 - 112th brigade of reconnaissance ships
Name "Ekvator" in service since 1968, ship project -861M, 112th brigade of reconnaissance ships Name "Equator" in service since 1968, project ship -861M, 112th brigade of reconnaissance ships 201, Project - 864, in service since 1987 519th separate division of reconnaissance ships
The name of the ship is "Priazovye" tail number SSV-201, Project - 864, in service since 1987 519th separate division of reconnaissance ships Characteristics - Port of registry Sevastopol Owner of the Black Sea Fleet Navy, Black Sea Fleet Built by Adolf Barsky, Stettin Vessel and crew size Length 152.6 m Beam 19.4 m Crew: 124 sailors, 83 doctors Machine 2 diesel engines, performance 2 x 7800 hp (5737 kW) Speed maximum 19.8 knots (37 km/h), two propellers. The name of the ship Yenisei is Hospital ship, 9th brigade of marine support vessels Project 320A, in service since 1979. Characteristics - Port of registry Sevastopol Owner of the Black Sea Fleet Navy, Black Sea Fleet Built by Adolf Barsky, Stettin Vessel and crew size Length 152.6 m Beam 19.4 m Crew: 124 sailors, 83 doctors Machine 2 diesel engines, performance 2 x 7800 hp (5737 kW) Speed maximum 19.8 knots (37 km/h), two propellers.
Name "Okay" tail number 801-s Patrol ship pr. 1135-1135M, manufactured in 1980 - Shipyard "Zaliv" (Kerch) Displacement 3200 tons Length 123 m Beam 14.2 m Draft 4.28 m Technical data Power plant 2 M7K gas turbine units (cruiser gas turbine DO63 and afterburner DK59) Afterburner power: 36,000 hp s., marching: 12,000 l. from. Propellers 2 four-bladed, low-noise, with a propeller fairing. Weight of each 7650 kg, diameter - 3.5 m Speed 32.2 knots; economical - 14 knots Cruising range 5,000 nautical miles at a speed of 14 knots Crew 197 people, including 22 officers (4 launchers) Anti-aircraft missile armament 2 × 2 launchers of the Osa-MA-2 air defense system (40 9M-33 missiles) 6000 "Smerch-2" Name "Okay" tail number 801-s Patrol ship pr. 1135-1135M, manufactured in 1980 - shipyard "Zaliv" (Kerch) 28 m Technical data Power plant 2 M7K gas turbine units (cruiser gas turbine DO63 and afterburner DK59) Power afterburner: 36,000 l. s., marching: 12,000 l. from. Propellers 2 four-bladed, low-noise, with a propeller fairing. Weight of each 7650 kg, diameter - 3.5 m Speed 32.2 knots; economical - 14 knots Cruising range 5,000 nautical miles at a speed of 14 knots Crew 197 people, including 22 officers (4 launchers) Anti-aircraft missile armament 2 × 2 launchers of the Osa-MA-2 air defense system (40 9M-33 missiles) 6000 "Smerch-2"
The name of the ship Yenisei is Hospital ship, 9th brigade of marine support vessels Project 320A, in service since 1979. Characteristics - Port of registry Sevastopol Owner of the Black Sea Fleet Navy, Black Sea Fleet Built by Adolf Barsky, Stettin Vessel and crew size Length 152.6 m Beam 19.4 m Crew: 124 sailors, 83 doctors Machine 2 diesel engines, performance 2 x 7800 hp (5737 kW) Speed maximum 19.8 knots (37 km/h), two propellers. The name of the ship Yenisei is Hospital ship, 9th brigade of marine support vessels Project 320A, in service since 1979. Characteristics - Port of registry Sevastopol Owner of the Black Sea Fleet Navy, Black Sea Fleet Built by Adolf Barsky, Stettin Vessel and crew size Length 152.6 m Beam 19.4 m Crew: 124 sailors, 83 doctors Machine 2 diesel engines, performance 2 x 7800 hp (5737 kW) Speed maximum 19.8 knots (37 km/h), two propellers.
HS "Donuzlav" - 422 separate division of hydrographic vessels of the GS Black Sea Fleet HS "Stvor" - 422 separate division of hydrographic vessels of the GS Black Sea Fleet
HS "Stvor" - 422 separate division of hydrographic vessels of the GS Black Sea Fleet
Hydrographic vessel "Stvor" - 422
Submarine Alrosa-B-871 - starred in a number of films, including "72 meters" Submarine Alrosa-B-871, 1990 - Russian diesel-electric submarine
The name of the submarine is B-871 "Alrosa", in service since 1990, the 247th separate division of submarines. Not the official name of this type of ships is Varshavyanka. B-871 "Alrosa" - Russian diesel-electric submarine of project 877V "Halibut". Speed (surface) 10 knots Speed (underwater) 17 knots Working depth 240 m Maximum depth 300 m Endurance 45 days Crew 52 people, including 12 officers .2 m Hull width max. 9.9 m Average draft (DWL) 6.2 Diesel-electric with full electric propulsion. 2 diesel generators 1000-1500 kW each, main electric motor 4,050 - 5,500 hp 190 hp economy electric motor, two standby electric motors of 102 hp each, 6 533 mm bow torpedo tubes, normally charged, with automatic loading, 18 torpedoes or 24 mines MANPADS "Strela-ZM" or "Igla-1" The name of the submarine is B-871 "Alrosa", in service since 1990, the 247th separate division of submarines. Not the official name of this type of ships is Varshavyanka. B-871 "Alrosa" - Russian diesel-electric submarine of project 877V "Halibut". Speed (surface) 10 knots Speed (underwater) 17 knots Working depth 240 m Maximum depth 300 m Endurance 45 days Crew 52 people, including 12 officers .2 m Hull width max. 9.9 m Average draft (DWL) 6.2 Diesel-electric with full electric propulsion. 2 diesel generators 1000-1500 kW each, main electric motor 4,050 - 5,500 hp 190 hp economy electric motor, two standby electric motors of 102 hp each, 6 533 mm bow torpedo tubes, normally charged, with automatic loading, 18 torpedoes or 24 mines MANPADS "Strela-ZM" or "Igla-1" The name of the submarine is B-871 "Alrosa", in service since 1990, the 247th separate division of submarines. Not the official name of this type of ships is Varshavyanka. B-871 "Alrosa" - Russian diesel-electric submarine of project 877V "Halibut". Speed (surface) 10 knots Speed (underwater) 17 knots Working depth 240 m Maximum depth 300 m Endurance 45 days Crew 52 people, including 12 officers .2 m Hull width max. 9.9 m Average draft (DWL) 6.2 Diesel-electric with full electric propulsion. 2 diesel generators 1000-1500 kW each, main electric motor 4,050 - 5,500 hp 190 hp economy electric motor, two standby electric motors of 102 hp each, 6 533 mm bow torpedo tubes, normally charged, with automatic loading, 18 torpedoes or 24 mines MANPADS "Strela-ZM" or "Igla-1"
The name of the submarine is B-871 "Alrosa", in service since 1990, the 247th separate division of submarines. Submarine "Alrosa" - B-871, 1990
"Azov" - Project 775 large landing ship, tail number 151, 197th landing ship brigade, BDK - 7, Manufacturer Stocznia Polnocna (Gdansk, Poland), Commissioning 10/12/1990
In the photo, the Black Sea Fleet - "Azov" - Large landing ship of project 775, tail number 151 and "Okay" - Patrol ship pronet 1135-1135M, tail number No. 801 Board number 151 - name "Azov" - Large landing ship of project 775, 197 1st brigade of landing ships, BDK - 7, Manufactured by Stocznia Polnocna (Gdansk, Poland), Commissioning on 10/12/1990 Board number No. 801 - name "Okay" - Patrol ship will pass 1135-1135M, in service since 12/29/1980 manufactured - Shipyard "Zaliv" (Kerch), 30th division of surface ships
"Yenisei" - Project 320A, in service since 1979, 9th brigade of marine support vessels "Ladny" - Patrol ship will carry 1135-1135M, tail number No. Kerch), 30th division of surface ships
"Azov" - Large landing ship of project 775, tail number 151, 197th brigade of landing ships, BDK - 7, Manufacturer Stocznia Polnocna (Gdansk, Poland), Commissioning 10/12/1990 "Azov" - Large landing ship of project 775, side number 151, 197th brigade of landing ships, BDK - 7, Manufacturer Stocznia Polnocna (Gdansk, Poland), Commissioning 10/12/1990
"Azov" - Project 775 large landing ship, tail number 151, 197th landing ship brigade, BDK - 7, Manufacturer Stocznia Polnocna (Gdansk, Poland), Commissioning 10/12/1990
