Today, payment cards are quite common. Bank cards are used as a payment instrument in many organizations. The simplicity of the performed operation saves time for both the client and the companies. Such a method of payment for services practically eliminates the appearance of queues, at the same time, the seller does not need to look for change, because the terminal will withdraw from the account exactly the amount that is needed to the nearest penny.

How is a payment card arranged?

So what is a plastic card? At first glance, it is difficult to understand how such operations are carried out with its help. It is equipped with a special magnetic strip or chip (sometimes both). The holder's (owner's) payment information is stored on the strip and/or in the chip. Special readers at the terminals receive information from the card, after which they perform the necessary operations.

Once the issuing bank has authorized the requested amount, all the customer needs to do is sign the check to ensure that the merchant entered the correct amount into the terminal.

Most bank cards have a special field where the owner puts his signature. This is necessary in order to determine whether a person really owns it.

As you can see, this payment instrument is convenient, versatile and practical. Certainly, some time will pass, and plastic cards will replace cash, this process is irreversible. Yes, today many people are still subconsciously afraid to deal with plastic bank cards, but in 10 years they simply will not have a choice.

Devices for accepting payment cards

Acceptance of credit cards and debit cards as a payment instrument is possible today in many areas. Depending on the conditions, sellers of goods or services use various devices for accepting plastic cards.

Question - answer 11.05.16 390 972 17

What data can not be reported and in what cases to include a paranoid

What are we talking about?

Bank card details are confidential information. If it falls into the hands of the wrong people, you could lose money.

In Russia, 68% of fraudulent transactions are made using details (Central Bank report for 2014). This is the most common way to steal money from a card. The fraudster only needs the numbers that are written directly on the card - and he will already be able to rob you.

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What are the details?

Details are everything that is written on the card: a number of 16 digits (sometimes 18), the name and surname of the owner, the expiration date and the CVC code - a three-digit security code on reverse side. For convenience, we will refer to the details and the SMS code that the bank sends you when you pay on the Internet or transfer money.

According to the rules of payment systems, details cannot be disclosed to outsiders. If the bank finds out that your details fell into the wrong hands, they will immediately block the card. However, something can still be reported. In short, things are like this:

16 digit number

Validity

First and last name
You can send, dictate to friends and acquaintances

Security code on the back
Do not tell or forward to anyone

SMS code
Never tell anyone, under any circumstances

Card number of 16 digits. You can send, dictate to friends and acquaintances.
Name and surname in Latin. It's also possible.
Validity. Do not tell or forward to anyone.

Three digit security code. Do not tell or forward to anyone

SMS code. Under no circumstances, under any circumstances, tell anyone.

What can you do with your card details?

Using the card details, you can pay on the Internet or arrange a transfer from card to card. The person who knows your details has full access to the money.

What details does a thief need to steal my money?

Usually card number, expiration date, CVC code and code from SMS. But there are shops that carry out transactions with fewer details.

The more details a scammer knows, the more opportunities he has to steal money.

What can a scammer who has taken possession of your details do?

Card number

Card number
First and last name

Almost nothing

Card number
First and last name
Validity

Pay on some sites

Card number
First and last name
Validity
Security code

Book a hotel or car, link a map to Google Play, pay on Litres

Card number
First and last name
Validity
Security code
SMS code

Pay anywhere on the Internet, make any payment or transfer

Is it possible to report the bank card number and the name of the owner

If someone has the card number, they won't be able to steal your money. But he can use this knowledge for phishing: pretend to be a bank and get other information from you.

The card number and owner's name should be protected in the same way as you protect passport data.

The scammer only needs the card number, expiration date, and your name to steal the money.

Questions about the security of bank cards from life

I forgot the card in the cafe, returned for it after 15 minutes. Need to reissue?

Better re-release. If you are not lucky, the waiter will copy the details into a notebook or simply take a picture of the card. He will not spend all the money, but simply in a month or two will quietly buy something on the Internet.

If you do not have an SMS bank connected, you may not even notice the loss of money from the card. And if the client did not sound the alarm, then the bank will not notice anything. You will never know that the money was stolen.

The waiter took the card away to pay at the checkout. This is bad?

Yes. For a whole minute, he can do anything with your card. If you are not at all lucky, the waiter will also turn out to be a skimmer: he will swipe the card through a special reader, then sell the data to Thailand through an anonymous forum. There, the guys cash out immediately and a lot.

To prevent this from happening, ask the waiter to bring the terminal. Now in all decent establishments the terminal is brought to the table. But if this is not possible, go to the cashier with the waiter.

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In your mail twice a week. We only talk about what concerns you and your money.

The hotel employee wants me to send a scan of my card to my email. Is it legal at all?

Oddly enough, this is a common practice.

When you book a room, the hotel may hold the money in advance to check your ability to pay. But not all hotels are able to accept payments via the Internet. Therefore, the employee may ask you to send full card details by e-mail or dictate them over the phone.

Then he will fill in the details with his hands into a regular payment acceptance terminal. The money on your card will be blocked. They usually return back to the card within a month.

The risk is still there. Typically, hotels are attentive to the personal data of customers: if a leak or fraud is revealed, the payment system will block the acceptance of payments. But the hotel employee is an ordinary person. If his mail is stolen, the scammer will take possession of your details as well. Therefore, for booking it is better to have a separate card, and a credit one. But let's talk about it.

A friend calls, wants to return the debt to my card. What card details can you tell him?

You can dictate the card number. Nothing else is needed to transfer to your card.

A colleague wants to take a picture of my card with an iPhone to get a refund for lunch. Allow?

No. If a colleague's phone is stolen, the scammers will also have a photo of your card. Let him translate by number.

They call from Avito, want to transfer money and ask for a security code. Speak?

They call from the bank, asking for the card number. Speak?

I want to show off my new map on instagram. Can?

Yes, if you cover up all the details in Photoshop or choose an angle that will not allow you to read anything.

Did the details fall into the wrong hands? Reissue.

How to protect details

Maybe erase the security code from the card? Or glue something?

You can, but it's better not to. From the point of view of payment systems, a security code is a necessary requisite of a bank card. When you pay offline, the seller will have every right not to accept such a card for payment. This often happens, especially abroad.

How to protect then?

You can open up to five additional cards- in Tinkoff-bank it's free. Like this:

On the main card, we set limits on purchases on the Internet:

Pay everywhere with an additional, but a basic one.

SMS banking?

Necessarily. If you have the Tinkoff app, you can turn on push notifications: they work just like SMS banking.

Remember

You can only report the card number and only to verified people.
Name, surname, expiration date and security code cannot be reported.
The SMS code should never be shared with anyone.
Left the card unattended - reissue.
Get a card for offline with disabled payments on the Internet.

A lot has been said and written about bank cards, but we still see how customers confuse debit cards with credit cards, are prejudiced against prepaid “plastic” and have absolutely no idea why virtual cards are needed. Our today's material is addressed to those who want to sort through the types of bank cards once and for all and find out which one is intended for what.

In order to talk about the types of bank cards, we first define what they are. Many plastic holders mistakenly believe that a card and a bank account are the same thing. Many common misconceptions follow from this - for example, that the loss of a card also leads to the loss of funds on it. However, this is not at all the case.

In fact, a bank card is just a payment instrument. By itself, it is a piece of plastic, and only "binding" to the client's bank account allows you to manage your money with the help of a card. Of course, the loss, blocking or damage of the card does not affect the state of the account in any way (of course, if it does not fall into the hands of scammers with other data, who can cash out your money).

Almost any of the following can be linked to the same account. existing species cards - it all depends only on the tariffs and capabilities of the bank, as well as the desires of the client himself. Therefore, let's talk about what types of "plastic" can be produced today, and how they differ from each other.

Main types of bank cards

Despite the apparent variety of bank cards that financial institutions offer their customers today, they all have similar characteristics and varieties in the database. The difference is only in tariffs, commissions offered additional services and bonuses - but before comparing the financial benefits from cards of different banks, you need to decide on the type of "plastic" that suits you best. As a rule, the division of cards can be done according to several parameters:

By the owner of the funds in the account– debit, credit, overdraft, prepaid;
By territory of use– local, international, intrabank, virtual;
By payment system– Visa, MasterCard, Golden Crown, American Express, etc.
By the level of loyalty to the client and the volume of services– electronic, standard, gold, platinum, etc.
By data storage method- chip, with magnetic tape, combined.

The combination of different parameters from this list gives that huge assortment of "plastic" that can be seen today in the advertising offers of banks. But it is this abundance that leads to confusion for future card owners - how to choose the right type and not make a mistake. Let's tell you more about the most popular categories of banking "plastic".

Debit cards

Debit cards are "plastic" tied to a deposit current account. This is the most common type of bank cards - all salary, "pension", settlement cards belong to this kind.

The main feature of debit cards is that the client has the right to dispose of only money, pre-placed to them in their bank account. If this amount has already been spent, it is impossible to withdraw funds from the card until the next replenishment. We list other characteristics of cards with a debit limit:

Such a card can be "tied" to a salary account, a deposit account "on demand", a deposit account with the possibility of partial withdrawal of funds, an accrued interest account;
You can issue a debit card for a teenager from 14 to 18 years old (with the consent of the parents); for children from 6 to 14 years old, it is possible to issue an additional card to the parent card with a restriction on transactions on it. Persons over 18 years of age are entitled to issue debit cards on their own.
An application for issuing a debit card is considered as much as possible. short time(a few minutes), as it does not require additional permissions and checks. The issuance of the card itself, depending on its type and region, can be instantaneous or take several weeks.
To issue a debit card, only a passport and the personal presence of the client are needed, no additional documents are required;
As a rule, there are no upper and lower balance limits for debit cards - the client can both reset the account and place unlimited amounts on it;
Funds on card accounts are protected by the deposit insurance system (with a maximum reimbursement amount of 1.4 million rubles);
A certain small percentage may be charged on the balance of funds (usually the average monthly amount on the account is considered);
With a debit card, you can pay in cash and non-cash: make payments on the Internet and through an online account, withdraw money from ATMs, pay for goods and services at terminals.

Overdraft cards

One of the most unclaimed products of banks - These are overdraft cards.. Many holders of "plastic" simply do not understand the mechanism of operation of such a credit limit, and therefore refrain from using it. Let's talk about these cards in more detail.

So, an overdraft is a credit to a debit account. In fact, a client who has concluded an overdraft agreement receives the right to pay with a card in excess of the balance on the account. Main characteristics of an open overdraft card:

The credit limit is not open to everyone - banks have a certain list of requirements for the client (age, credit history, financial status, work experience, etc.);
The main requirement when opening a limit is stable income to the card account. That is why most often overdrafts are offered on salary and pension cards. The fulfillment of this requirement “overrides” the violation of others - for example, the client may not have the required length of service, but the bank will offer him an overdraft.
In order for the overdraft to be opened, the card must be valid for several months (usually from six months) - so the bank will be able to track the frequency of receipts;
The overdraft limit varies depending on the bank and the type of card. It can be either 30-50% of the average monthly income, or 5-6 salaries;
No documents are required to open an overdraft – all necessary documents are provided upon initial opening of an account. As a rule, it is enough to sign an overdraft agreement on the terms offered by the bank;
Overdrafts can hardly be called profitable - banks open them at fairly high interest rates (25-30% per annum). In addition, in many cases there is a fee for using the overdraft facility;
To use the limit, it is enough to withdraw an amount greater than the account balance - without additional requests to the bank;
The repayment of the overdraft occurs automatically - when funds are credited to the account, the bank writes them off as a loan.

A debit card overdraft is a very convenient type of loan that allows you to get access to loans. However, it has several disadvantages - the most significant is that an overdraft is addictive to loans, and after a while the borrower cannot do without them.

Credit cards

A credit card is a special type of consumer loan individuals. A card with a credit limit is an opportunity to use the bank's funds at any time and in any place. Credit card characteristics:

To issue plastic, it is necessary to open a loan account, which means obtaining a bank loan;
The credit card limit is the amount of the loan granted by the bank;
Issuing a card takes from several hours to a week, depending on the speed of consideration of a loan application and its limit;
To issue a card, you need a client's passport, proof of income, place of work - that is, everything that is needed to issue a regular consumer loan;
Credit cards are issued only to persons over 18 years of age with permanent employment;
Rates on cards can be quite high - up to 40-50% per annum. This is a fee for the “revolvability” of plastic - that is, the ability to repeatedly use the limit;
Many credit cards they also assume the presence of a debit limit - and in the absence of commissions for cash withdrawals, they can be very beneficial for the client. As a rule, banks charge interest on the balance of their own funds on credit cards by type of deposits, and the rate can be quite good.

A credit card is a payment instrument that provides a borrower with access to a loan account. It can only have a credit limit, but it can also perform the functions of a debit one - it all depends on the tariffs of a particular bank.

Prepaid cards

A fairly new type of plastic cards - prepaid. They appeared only a few years ago, and have not yet gained popularity. A prepaid card is a kind of analogue of a gift certificate for stores and beauty salons, but with a much wider range of applications. Main characteristics:

They are issued as an unnamed debit card - that is, their issuance occurs instantly, at the time of the conclusion of the contract
This is a bearer card, that is, any owner can pay with it, regardless of who purchased the card;
Has a certain limited limit, does not involve opening an overdraft or replenishing an account (in the latter case, there are exceptions);
As a rule, it is unsuitable for calculations on the Internet;
You can withdraw cash from the card or pay with it at the terminals of stores.

Prepaid card - great replacement gift certificate , cash gifts or salary "in an envelope". Carrying such plastic is safer and more convenient than cash, but there are a number of restrictions compared to a debit card.

Division of maps by territory of use

So far, we have only talked about dividing cards by owners of funds, which can be the plastic holder himself, a bank or a third party who bought a prepaid card. However, the matter is not limited to the choice of a credit or debit card - you also need to determine in which territory the use of plastic is necessary. On this basis, the cards are divided into:

Intrabank - that is, those that can be cashed only at the issuer's ATMs. Such, for example, are cards that some banks issue to cash out consumer loans.
Local - cards that can be used only in a limited area (for example, in the country where it is issued). So, in Russia there are several local payment systems, with which only local banks cooperate.
International cards belong to major payment systems and can be cashed in any country in the world. These cards will be useful for travelers - they can be linked to a multi-currency account and make payments in one of several currencies;
Virtual cards are needed for payments in the Internet space. They do not exist in physical form, they cannot be used at an ATM or an offline store. At the same time, a virtual card is an excellent payment tool for cashless payments and online purchases.

The procedure for accepting cards for payment

1. Identification of NCC cards

2. Identification of UC cards

3. Identification of Visa cards

3.1. Old style cards with VISA logo

3.2. Cards with the VISA logo of the new sample

3.3. Cards with VISA Electron logo

4. Procedure for making transactions

5. The procedure for conducting electronic authorization at trade and service points

7. Most frequently occurring informational messages

8. Security measures when making transactions

1. Card identificationNCC

Before making a transaction, an employee of a bank or a trade and service point should make sure that the following details are available on the card:

On the front side:

1) the presence of a logo (NCC, NCC-Cash); The NCC-Cash logo is used only on old-style AvtoVAZbank cards, NCC in red-blue and blue-gray colors are used on cards of all banks. Around the entire perimeter of the NCC logo there is a microtype "national credit cards / NCC"). The card logo is located in the lower right corner of the card, applied in a special typographical way under the upper protective layer of the card surface.

2) Bank name

3) card number (always 16 digits, grouped by four)

4) the validity period is indicated (valid until: month / year). The card is valid until the last day of the month indicated on it.

5) surname, name, patronymic of the cardholder

6) on the front side under the card number there must be a strip consisting of the repeated words “ NCC”, visible in ultraviolet light (for the NCC logo in gray-blue color design);

On the other side:

1) The presence of a magnetic strip that is soldered into the plastic and contains the card number, additional encoded data recorded electronically. It should not peel off or have visible damage;

2) On cards with the NCC logo in grey/blue, the signature strip is located below the magnetic stripe and is overprinted with a gray "NCC".

On cards with the NCC-Cash logo, the signature strip contains a web design.

On cards with the NCC logo in blue and red, the signature strip is white.

3) Information of the issuing bank on the conditions for using the card and the procedure for returning the card with the corresponding addresses and telephone numbers.

2. Card identification UNION CARD

Requirements to appearance cards

When serving cardholders of the UNION CARD Payment System, it is necessary to verify the authenticity of the card and its ownership by its owner by performing the following actions:

Take the UC Payment System card from the holder, make sure that according to general external

it is indeed a card of the UC payment system:

On the front side:

1) the logo of the PS "Union Card" and a hologram with the image of the goddess Nike;

2) the name and logo of the issuing bank - a participant in the PS "Union Card";

3) card number must start with a number "6" and contain 16 characters divided into groups of four characters ( 6XXX XXXX XXXX XXXX);

Security Information:

4) special letter - the symbol "UC" in "flying italic" with an inclination to the left, located before the expiration date of the card;

5) ultraviolet special symbol - the “UC” symbol in “flying italic” with a left slope, located in the center of the card, visible in ultraviolet light.

On the reverse side:

1) Magnetic strip soldered into plastic, not glued;

2) the signature strip contains slanted microtext from the repeated words "UNION CARD";

3) The signature strip must have a distinct (not worn, smeared) signature of the cardholder (the signature strip may vary in length);

4) information of the issuing bank on the conditions for using the card and the procedure for returning the card with the corresponding telephone numbers and addresses;

5) it is possible to have a photo of the cardholder, the logo of the International Discount System (IDS).

Information on the map can be plotted in two ways:

6) embossing (raised letters, numbers, signs) - with the obligatory presence of information about the cardholder (full name). Standard card.

Authorization - the procedure for obtaining permission from the issuing bank to conduct a debit transaction on a bank card. Only cards are accepted at the electronic terminal at trade and service points NCC, without entering a PIN code.

Operations on the electronic terminal are carried out in accordance with the manual for the use of this terminal.

1. The employee swipes the card through the reader, if the information from the magnetic stripe of the card could not be read immediately, it is necessary to read the card again. If the magnetic stripe is not readable the second time, advise the client to contact the bank in order to reissue the card, since this card may have become demagnetized.

* If the card has expired, as indicated by the inscription on the display screen,

a bank employee must withdraw the card and explain the reason for the withdrawal, fill out the Plastic Card Withdrawal Act.

2. After reading the card, the terminal offers to keep the amount and requests authorization. Based on the results of authorization, one of the following messages is displayed on the screen:

- Permission received

A check is printed, the bank employee passes the check to the client for signature, and then checks it against the signature sample on the back of the card. also in without fail the bank employee checks the client's card number with the card number printed on the terminal's receipts.

* If the card number on the check does not match the card number on the plastic, the card is withdrawn.

- Received a ban

The bank employee returns the card to the client (if there was no message about the need to withdraw the card) with an explanation of the reason for the refusal.

If, for one reason or another, the transaction was not completed (for example, the goods were not issued to the cardholder, the cardholder paid in another way, or a warning message appeared on the display with the need to cancel the operation), the employee of the point of sale must cancel the transaction, in accordance with terminal user manual.

Checking and issuing a cashier's check

The cash receipt must contain the following information:

card number (last 4 digits),

· card expiry date;

point of service information

the date and time of the transaction;

the signature of the holder;

· transaction number;

Document field (filled in for Visa, Visa Electron cardholders and only at bank cash desks).

When issuing a cashier's check, a bank employee signs the cardholder in the "Signature" column and compares the signature on the cashier's check with the sample signature on the back of the client's card. If the signature on the check does not match the sample signature on the card, the bank employee offers the client to sign again on the check next to the first signature. If again the authenticity of the signature is in doubt, the bank employee asks to present an identity document with a photo (passport, driver's license, identity card for military personnel, pass), and enters its number (series, number, by whom and when issued) on the cash receipt.

The bank's cash desk accepts NCC, UNION CARD, VISA, VISA Electron cards.

Bank cash desks have the opportunity to carry out the following types of operations using plastic cards:

1. Request for the status of the client's account (except for VISA and UNION CARD cards of banks not included in the NCC payment system).

2. Cash withdrawal from the client's account.

3. Depositing cash to the client's account (except for VISA and UNION CARD cards of banks not included in the NCC payment system).

4. Non-cash transactions (payment of utility bills, transfer to a deposit, deposit of electronic checks) (except for VISA and UNION CARD cards of banks not included in the NCC payment system)

The workplace of the cashier is equipped with:

· A magnetic stripe reader (card reader) designed to read information encoded on the magnetic track of the card.

· PIN pad designed to enter the PIN code (personal identification number) of the cardholder.

· Printer designed for printing receipts.

To carry out a card transaction, the card holder comes to the bank's cash desk. The cashier reads the card data using a card reader, the client enters the PIN code. If the magnetic stripe of the card is not readable due to demagnetization or mechanical damage to the card, all card data can be entered manually from the keyboard. When accepting plastic cards VISA and UNION CARD not issued by the NCC Payment System, the PIN code entry operation is not performed, the cashier is this case waits for an invitation to enter a passport, then confirms the operation by pressing a button OK(passport number is not entered).

For VISA and UNION CARD cards of banks that are not part of the NCC payment system - if the magnetic stripe is not readable, then the transaction should be refused, i.e. it is allowed to carry out transactions with mandatory reading of information.

The program will contact the authorization center to request permission to carry out the operation. When the operation is authorized, two copies of the check will be printed, one of which is signed by the client and remains at the cash desk as a financial document confirming the client's consent to the operation on his account. The second copy of the check is sent to the client. The cashier is obliged to verify the client's signature on the receipt with the signature on the card. If the signature does not match, the operation must be cancelled.

For VISA and UNION CARD cards of banks that are not part of the NCC payment system - it is required on the check

fill in the "Document" field by entering in this column the serial number of the identity document (passport).

Based on the results of the work, a cash journal is printed containing the results and a list of all operations for this shift.

7. Most frequently occurring informational messages

Message	Problem	Decision
Invalid card format	Magnetic stripe data was not counted	Swipe the card through the reader again. If this message appears repeatedly, advise the client to contact the bank.
The ban needs to be lifted	There may have been a disconnect	You must press the OK (Enter) button, the terminal will automatically cancel the last operation
Call NCC - Crash on Cancel	Incomplete transaction	You must immediately call the NCC by phone and inform about the situation.
No connection		Check for connected telephone wires, the line may be busy (if there is a parallel telephone)
Ban card can not be served!	Card blocked	Call the NCC, find out the reason for blocking the card, if the card is lost or stolen, the card is confiscated and an Act of Withdrawal is drawn up.
	Problem with encryption keys	Call the NCC
A menu appeared that was not previously on the monitor	Accidentally entered the service menu	Call the NCC
Terminal won't turn on	Breakdown, or simply the equipment is turned off from the network.	Try to check if the wires are connected

8. Security measures when making transactions

In case of difficulties or doubts during the authorization, for example, the check did not come out of the terminal, the client does not agree with the result of the operation, when the message on the terminal screen is "Communication error" or another answer that raises doubts. If there is any doubt about the authenticity of the card or its belonging to the client, etc., the bank employee is recommended to contact the NCC service department by phone in Tolyatti (84, in Samara (8, in another settlement 766

Employees of Moscow enterprises can directly report an attempt to illegally use the Card to the duty officer of the Department for Economic Crimes of the Main Internal Affairs Directorate of Moscow.

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