9.2.13. Tests for the strength and density of water systems are carried out by test pressure, but not lower than:
Elevator units, water heaters for heating systems, hot water supply - 1 MPa (10 kgf / cm2);
Heating systems with cast-iron heaters, stamped steel radiators - 0.6 MPa (6 kgf / cm2), panel and convector heating systems - with a pressure of 1 MPa (10 kgf / cm2);
Hot water supply systems - with a pressure equal to the working pressure in the system, plus 0.5 MPa (5 kgf / cm2), but not more than 1 MPa (10 kgf / cm2);
For heaters of heating and ventilation systems - depending on the working pressure established by the technical specifications of the manufacturer.
Steam heat consumption systems are tested by test pressure. The value of the test pressure is chosen by the manufacturer (design organization) within the limits between the minimum and maximum values:
The minimum test pressure during hydraulic testing should be 1.25 working pressure, but not less than 0.2 MPa (2 kgf/cm2);
The maximum value of the test pressure is set by the strength calculation according to the normative and technical documentation, agreed with the State Gortekhnadzor of Russia;
The strength and density test of the control unit and the heat consumption system is carried out at positive outdoor temperatures. At outside temperatures below zero, a density test is only possible in exceptional cases. The temperature inside the room should be at least 5 degrees. FROM.
The strength and density test is carried out in the following order:
The heat consumption system is filled with water with a temperature not exceeding 45 degrees. C, air is completely removed through the air vents at the upper points;
The pressure is brought to the operating pressure and maintained for the time necessary for a thorough inspection of all welded and flanged joints, fittings, equipment, etc., but not less than 10 minutes;
The pressure is brought to the test, if within 10 minutes. no defects are detected (for plastic pipes, the time for the pressure to rise to the test should be at least 30 minutes).
Strength and density tests of systems are carried out separately.
Systems are considered to have passed the test if, during the test:
No "sweating" of welds or leaks from heating devices, pipelines, fittings and other equipment were found;
When testing the strength and density of water and steam heat consumption systems for 5 minutes. the pressure drop did not exceed 0.02 MPa (0.2 kgf/cm2);
When testing the strength and density of surface heating systems, the pressure drop for 15 min. did not exceed 0.01 MPa (0.1 kgf/cm2);
When testing the strength and density of hot water systems, the pressure drop for 10 minutes. did not exceed 0.05 MPa (0.5 kgf/cm2); plastic pipelines: with a pressure drop of not more than 0.06 MPa (0.6 kgf / cm2) for 30 minutes. and with a further fall within 2 hours by no more than 0.02 MPa (0.2 kgf / cm2).
For surface heating systems combined with heaters, the test pressure value should not exceed the maximum test pressure for heaters installed in the system. The value of the test pressure of surface heating systems, steam heating systems and pipelines to ventilation installations during pneumatic tests should be 0.1 MPa (1 kgf / cm2). In this case, the pressure drop should not exceed 0.01 MPa (0.1 kgf / cm2) when held for 5 minutes.
The results of the check are documented in the act of testing for strength and density.
If the results of the strength and density tests do not meet the specified conditions, it is necessary to identify and repair leaks, and then retest the system.
When testing for strength and density, spring pressure gauges of an accuracy class of at least 1.5 are used, with a body diameter of at least 160 mm, a scale for a nominal pressure of about 4/3 of the measured pressure, a division value of 0.01 MPa (0.1 kgf / cm2), verified and sealed by the state trustee.
Hello friends! In continuation of the previous review of changes in the rules for labor protection during the operation of electrical installations, we will consider the rules for labor protection during the operation of thermal power plants in a new, no less significant edition. The verification of compliance with the labor protection requirements set forth in these rules was also divided between two control and supervision departments - Rostrud, aka GIT, and Rostekhnadzor, aka Energonadzor. Let's talk about this distribution.
Order of the Ministry of Labor of Russia dated November 15, 2018 No. 703n, which amends the rules for labor protection during the operation of thermal power plants, as well as order 704n for electrical installations, entered into force on January 25, 2019. You can download the current version of the rules on labor protection during the operation of thermal power plants below.
In accordance with the changes made, from January 25, the State Labor Inspectorate checks compliance with the requirements of the rules for the operation of thermal power plants, with the exception of the requirements set forth in Chapter IV of these rules. Consequently, the State Energy Supervision takes on Chapter IV - labor protection requirements in the implementation of production processes and the operation of thermal power plants.
If in the case of the rules for the operation of electrical installations, the requirements were divided between departments in the ratio, conditionally, 5% - GIT, 95% - Energonadzor, then the rules for the operation of thermal power plants were divided almost fraternally - 45/55. Although it would seem that one chapter was left, but if you look at the content, then the requirements set forth in Chapter 4 occupy almost half of the document. Oh, this Energonadzor, all the requirements, like a blanket, pull over :)
That's what got GIT from the rules.
I. General provisions
1. Rules on labor protection during the operation of thermal power plants (hereinafter referred to as the Rules) establish state regulatory requirements for labor protection during the operation of the following thermal power plants, including those operating under pressure:
1) production, production and heating and heating boilers with an absolute steam pressure of not more than 4.0 MPa and with a water temperature of not more than 200 ° C, using all types of fossil fuels, as well as non-traditional renewable energy resources;
2) steam and water heating networks for all purposes, including pumping stations, condensate collection and return systems and other network facilities;
3) heat consumption systems for all purposes (technological, heating, ventilation, hot water supply, air conditioning), heat-consuming units, heat networks of consumers, heat points, other structures of a similar purpose;
4) central and individual heating points, pumping stations for all purposes;
5) heat exchangers for all purposes;
6) storage tanks for fuel, chemicals and hot water.
The rules do not apply to thermal power plants:
— thermal power plants;
— sea and river vessels and floating facilities;
- rolling stock of railway and road transport.
2. The rules are obligatory for execution by employers - legal entities, regardless of their organizational and legal forms and individuals (with the exception of employers - individuals who are not individual entrepreneurs) operating thermal power plants, including those operating under pressure.
3. Responsibility for the implementation of the Rules rests with the employer.
Based on the Rules and requirements of the technical documentation of the manufacturer of thermal power plants, the employer develops instructions for labor protection, which are approved by the local normative act the employer, taking into account the opinion of the relevant trade union body or another representative body authorized by employees operating thermal power plants (hereinafter referred to as employees) (if any).
4. In the case of applying work methods, materials, technological equipment and equipment, performing work, the requirements for safe use and performance of which are not provided for by the Rules, one should be guided by the requirements of the relevant regulatory legal acts containing state regulatory requirements for labor protection.
5. The employer is obliged to ensure:
1) maintenance of thermal power plants in good condition and their operation in accordance with the requirements of the Rules and technical documentation of the manufacturer;
2) training of employees in labor protection and testing knowledge of labor protection requirements;
3) control over compliance by employees with the requirements of the Rules and instructions on labor protection.
6. During the operation of thermal power plants, workers may be exposed to harmful and (or) dangerous production factors, including:
1) coolant (steam, hot water), chemical reagents in case of possible destruction of elements of thermal power plants and pipelines;
2) elevated temperature of the outer surface of thermal power plants and pipelines;
3) elevated air temperature of working areas;
4) increased air pollution of working areas with fuel gas;
5) insufficient illumination of working areas;
6) increased levels of noise, vibration and radiation at workplaces;
7) moving vehicles, lifting machines, moving materials, moving parts of thermal equipment (compressors, pumps, fans) and tools;
8) falling objects (elements of equipment) and tools;
9) location of workplaces at a considerable height (depth) relative to the floor (ground) surface;
10) cramped working conditions (in chambers, compartments, bunkers, wells);
11) electric shock.
7. Employers have the right to establish Additional requirements safety in the performance of work related to the operation of thermal power plants, improving the working conditions of workers.II. Labor protection requirements in the organization of work (production processes)
8. Employees aged at least 18 years old who have passed the mandatory preliminary medical examination in accordance with the established procedure, briefing on labor protection, training in safe methods and techniques for performing work and internship at the workplace are allowed to perform work on the operation of thermal power plants.
Employees are allowed to independently perform work on the operation of thermal power plants after checking their knowledge in the prescribed manner. Periodic knowledge testing is carried out at least once every 12 months.
Admission to independent work for the operation of thermal power plants is drawn up by the relevant local regulatory act of the employer.
9. When organizing work related to the possible impact on employees of harmful and (or) dangerous production factors, the employer is obliged to take measures to eliminate them or reduce them to the levels of permissible exposure established by the requirements of the relevant regulatory legal acts.
10. Employees must be provided with special clothing, special footwear and other personal protective equipment in the prescribed manner.
The choice of means of collective protection of workers should be made taking into account the safety requirements for specific types of work.
11. Employees with professional training corresponding to the nature of the work performed, including training in labor protection, are allowed to perform maintenance and repair of thermal power plants.
12. Employees engaged in the maintenance and repair of thermal power plants must be provided with the necessary set of serviceable tools and devices in accordance with the requirements of the technical documentation of the manufacturer.
13. Work on the maintenance and repair of thermal power plants using tools and fixtures must be carried out in accordance with the Rules, as well as the requirements of regulatory legal acts containing state regulatory requirements for labor protection when working with tools and fixtures approved by the Ministry of Labor of Russia.
14. The work and rest regimes of employees are established by the internal labor regulations and other local regulations of the employer in accordance with labor legislation.
15. The employee is obliged to notify his immediate or superior manager of each accident at work, of all violations of the Rules he noticed, malfunctions of equipment, tools, devices and means of individual and collective protection.
It is prohibited to work with faulty equipment, tools and devices, as well as personal and collective protective equipment.III. Labor protection requirements for production premises (production sites) and organization of workplaces
Labor protection requirements for production premises (production sites)
16. It is forbidden to block up passages and driveways inside buildings (structures), production premises (production sites) to ensure the safe movement of workers and the passage of vehicles.
17. Production premises must comply with the requirements of sanitary and hygienic legislation Russian Federation.
18. It is prohibited to install machines and devices that are not related to the maintenance and repair of thermal power plants in the same room with them.
19. Doors of gas-dangerous rooms without permanently located service personnel in the room must be locked. The keys must be kept in the premises of the staff on duty and issued for the duration of the work against receipt to the employees according to the list approved by the employer, and at the end of the work must be handed over daily to the person who issued them.
20. At the entrances to gas-hazardous premises, safety signs must be posted warning of the presence of harmful substances and the danger of fire or explosion.
21. It is prohibited to arrange workshops, sanitary facilities and other premises under gas ducts.
22. Floors in industrial premises must be made of non-combustible materials with a non-smooth and non-slip surface; be level and have devices for draining water into the sewer.
Channels in industrial premises should be covered with removable plates at floor level. Removable plates must be made of corrugated metal and securely fastened.
Dangerous zones (openings in ceilings, stationary areas, pits, pits, open hatches of wells and thermal chambers) must be protected along the entire perimeter. Elements of temporary fences must be securely fastened and signs “Caution! Dangerous zone".
23. In the chambers and channels of underground heat pipelines, regular pumping of water from pits should be organized and blocking of passages is not allowed.
24. It is not allowed to install blind partitions in the channels of underground heat pipelines that prevent the free passage of workers.
In exceptional cases, when the division of the channel into separate compartments is necessary due to technological conditions (when constructing a reinforced concrete panel fixed support), exits to the ground surface must be arranged before and after the dividing wall.
25. It is forbidden to be without production needs on the sites of thermal power plants, near hatches, manholes, water-indicating glasses, as well as near shut-off, control and safety valves and flanged connections of pipelines under pressure.Labor protection requirements for the organization of workplaces
26. In industrial premises in which thermal power plants are installed, posters should be hung out clearly illustrating safe working methods and techniques and the rules for providing first aid to victims.
27. At the workplace of the work manager, a list of all premises with the presence of harmful substances and gas hazardous places, approved by the employer, should be posted.
28. Lockable metal boxes with compartments for clean and dirty cleaning material should be installed in production facilities. Cotton or linen rags are used as cleaning material.
Dirty cleaning material from drawers should be removed daily.
29. It is forbidden to store gasoline, kerosene, alcohol, paints and varnishes, solvents, thinners and other flammable materials in production premises in excess of the daily consumption rate.
30. Near the workplace, it is allowed to store lubricants in special metal tanks and oilers in an amount not exceeding the replacement consumption rate.
31. Smoking on the territory of the organization and in production premises is allowed only in specially designated areas.
It is forbidden to smoke in tanks, chambers, wells and channels, near open hatches, as well as in workplaces.
32. When servicing valves and other elements of thermal power plants located at a height of more than 1.8 m from the floor level (working platform), metal platforms with a ladder and a fence (handrail) with a height of at least 0.9 m with continuous metal lining along bottom (side) with a height of at least 0.1 m.
Platforms and steps of stairs must be carried out:
- from corrugated sheet steel or from sheets with a non-smooth surface obtained by welding or in another way;
- from honeycomb or strip steel (per edge) with a mesh size of not more than 12 cm2;
- from cut-drawn sheets.
The width of the platforms intended for maintenance of fittings, instrumentation and control devices must be at least 0.8 m, and the rest of the platforms - at least 0.6 m.
It is forbidden to use smooth platforms and steps of stairs, as well as to make them from bar (round) steel.
The width of the stairs must be at least 0.6 m.
Ladders with a height of more than 1.5 m, intended for the systematic maintenance of equipment, must have an angle of inclination to the horizontal of not more than 50 °.
Stairs should be equipped with platforms, the distance between which should not exceed 4 m.
For the repair and maintenance of fittings and other elements of thermal power plants located above 1.8 m from the floor and not requiring constant maintenance, in the cases provided for by the technical documentation of the manufacturer, it is allowed to use portable step-ladders, mobile platforms, scaffolds and scaffolds.
33. The distance from the floor to the bottom of the service and communications platforms in the places of passages under them must be at least 2 m.
34. The distance from the platforms or the upper part of the lining of thermal power plants, from which fittings, fittings, instrumentation is serviced, to the bottom of the protruding structures of the floor (cover) of the production room must be at least 2 m.
If thermal power plants are not serviced from the top of the brickwork and there is no need to move along the top, then the distance from the top of the brickwork of the thermal equipment to the bottom of the protruding structures of the floor (cover) of the production room may be reduced to 0.7 m.
- Occupational safety requirements for the maintenance and repair of thermal power plants.
- Occupational safety requirements in the operation of thermal power plants.
- Occupational safety requirements for the installation and dismantling of thermal power plants.
What will the GIT inspector check in terms of labor protection rules during the operation of thermal power plants?
Checking the GIT for compliance with the rules on labor protection during the operation of thermal power plants is carried out on the basis of checklist No. 41 (labor protection requirements for the operation of thermal power plants). As in the case of checklist No. 24 (operation of electrical installations), corresponding changes were not made to checklist No. 41, therefore, on this moment it is not known how correctly the check will be carried out in the regions.
Checklist No. 41 contains 27 control questions, of which, given the separation of powers, 11 GIT inspectors get. I will quote them in full.
1. The employer has developed instructions for labor protection, which are approved by the local regulatory act of the employer, taking into account the opinion of the relevant trade union body or another representative body authorized by employees operating thermal power plants (paragraph 3 of the Rules).
2. The employer provided training for employees on labor protection and testing knowledge of labor protection requirements ( paragraph 2 of clause 5 of the Rules).
3. The employer is allowed to perform work on the operation of thermal power plants at least 18 years of age, who have undergone a mandatory preliminary medical examination, have been instructed in labor protection, have been trained in safe methods and techniques for performing work, and have completed an internship at the workplace ( paragraph 1 of clause 8 of the Rules).
4. Employees are allowed to independently perform work on the operation of thermal power plants after testing their knowledge ( paragraph 2 of clause 8 of the Rules).
5. Admission to independent work on the operation of thermal power plants is issued by the relevant local regulatory act of the employer ( paragraph 3 of clause 8 of the Rules).
6. The employer provided workers with special clothing, special footwear, personal protective equipment (paragraph 10 of the Rules).
7. The keys to the doors of gas-hazardous premises are stored in the premises of the personnel on duty and are issued for the duration of work against receipt to employees according to the list approved by the employer, and at the end of work are handed over daily to the person who issued them (paragraph 19 of the Rules).
8. At the entrances to gas hazardous premises, safety signs are posted warning of the presence of harmful substances and the danger of fire or explosion (paragraph 20 of the Rules).
9. Elements of temporary fences are fixed and signs “Caution! Dangerous zone" ( paragraph 3 of clause 22 of the Rules).
10. In the production premises in which thermal power plants are installed, posters are posted that clearly illustrate the safe methods and techniques of work and the rules for providing first aid to victims (paragraph 26 of the Rules).
11. A list of all premises with the presence of harmful substances and gas hazardous places, approved by the employer, is posted at the workplace of the work manager (paragraph 27 of the Rules).
End questions.
Once again, if the inspector during the inspection goes beyond what is permitted, that is, if he asks more questions regarding the rules for operating thermal power plants, then with a high degree of probability the results of such an inspection will be challenged in court.
Please tell us in the comments what you think about the new changes, but it would be especially interesting to know how many people bring the boundless decisions of the GIT to court?
Now you can download regulatory documents on the topic.
DOWNLOAD DOCUMENTS
Order of the Ministry of Labor of Russia dated November 15, 2018 No. 703n “On amendments to the Rules for labor protection during the operation of thermal power plants, approved by order of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation dated August 17, 2015 No. 551n”
In the new edition:
Rules for labor protection during the operation of thermal power plants, approved by order of the Ministry of Labor of Russia dated August 17, 2015 No. 551n
That's all. If the information is useful, then don't forget about the rating stars;) Thank you!
To be continued …
ForewordTerms used in the rules for the technical operation of thermal power plants, their definitions
1. General Provisions
2 Organization of operation of thermal power plants
2.1. General provisions
2.2. Staff Tasks
2.3. Staff requirements and training
2.4. Acceptance and approval for operation of thermal power plants
2.5. Monitoring the efficiency of thermal power plants
2.6. Technical control over the condition of thermal power plants
2.7. Maintenance, repair and conservation of thermal power plants
2.8. Technical documentation for thermal power plants
2.9. Metrological support
2.10. Ensuring safe operation
2.11. Fire safety
2.12. Environmental Compliance
3 Territory, industrial buildings and structures for the placement of thermal power plants
3.1. General provisions
3.2. Territory
3.3. Industrial buildings and structures
4 Fuel economy. solid, liquid and gaseous fuels
4.1. General provisions
4.2. Fuel storage and preparation
4.3. Ash collection and ash removal. Ash collection plants
5 Heat generating power plants
5.1. Auxiliary equipment of boiler plants (smoke exhausters, pumps, fans, deaerators, feed tanks, condensate tanks, separators, etc.)
5.2. Pipelines and fittings
5.3. Steam and hot water boiler plants
5.4. Heat pumps
5.5. Heat generators
5.6. Non-traditional heat generating power plants
6 Heating networks
6.1. Technical requirements
6.2. Exploitation
7 Condensate collection and return systems
7.1. Technical requirements
7.2. Exploitation
8 storage tanks
8.1. Technical requirements
8.2. Exploitation
9 Heat-consuming power plants
General requirements
9.1. Heat points
9.2. Heating, ventilation, air conditioning, hot water systems
9.3. Heating systems
9.4. System units air heating, ventilation, air conditioning
9.5. Hot water systems
10 Technological power plants
10.1. Heat exchangers
10.2. Drying plants
10.3. Evaporators
10.4. distillation plants
10.5. Installations for thermal and moisture treatment of reinforced concrete products
10.6. steam hammers
10.7. Steam pumps
11 Preparing for the heating period
12 Water treatment and water-chemical regime of thermal power plants and networks
13 Requirements for metal and other structural materials, control over their condition
14 Energy oils
15 Operational dispatch control
15.1. Tasks and organization of management
15.2. Operating mode control
15.3. Equipment management
15.4. Prevention and elimination of technological violations
15.5. Operational and dispatching personnel
15.6. Switching in thermal circuits of boiler houses and heat networks
16 Investigation of technological violations
Annex 1. Recommendations for accounting by the owner of thermal power plants
Annex 2. Log for checking knowledge of the Rules for the technical operation of thermal power plants
Annex 3. Form of knowledge test certificate
Annex 4. Sample list of operational documentation
Appendix 5. Passport of the heat network
Appendix 6. Passport of the heat point
Appendix 7. Passport of a cylindrical vertical tank
Annex 8. Passport of the booster pumping station
Appendix 9. Passport of the ventilation system
Answers to questions about tickets
1. The requirements of what rules must be observed during the operation of electrical equipment of thermal power plants?
Rules for the installation of electrical installations;
Rules for the technical operation of consumer electrical installations;
Intersectoral rules on labor protection (safety rules) during the operation of electrical installations;
2. Who is responsible for ensuring the fire safety of premises and equipment of thermal power plants, as well as for the availability and good condition of primary fire extinguishing equipment?
For the head of the organization
3. How often should external inspections of chimneys and flues be carried out?
Once a year in spring
4. What should be the maximum temperature of fuel oil in receiving tanks and reservoirs?
15°C below the flash point of the fuel, but not higher than 90°C
5. How often are water-indicating devices checked by purging and reconciliation of readings of reduced water level indicators?
At least once per shift
6. Who issues the permit for connection of heating networks and heat consumption systems after installation and reconstruction?
Energy Supervision Department of Rostekhnadzor
7. What test pressure is used to test the strength and density of hot water systems?
Pressure equal to the working pressure in the system, plus 0.5 MPa (5 kgf/cm2), but not more than 1 MPa (10 kgf/cm2)
8. How many days before the test fire, before the start of the heating period, the heat supply organization must notify consumers about this?
For three days
9. In what case can equipment that is in operational control or operational management of higher operational and dispatching personnel be taken out of operation without the permission of this personnel?
Only in case of a clear danger to people and equipment
10. What document regulates the work on the equipment of thermal power plants and heating networks?
11. What are the personal responsibility of the leaders of the organization operating thermal power plants and heating networks?
For violations that occurred at the enterprises they manage, as well as as a result of unsatisfactory organization of repairs and failure to implement organizational and technical preventive measures
12. Who carries out the admission to operation of new or reconstructed thermal power plants?
Rostechnadzor
13. When is the serviceability of the pipe lighting fittings monitored?
Daily with lights on
14. Who performs shift control over the condition of ash collectors and their systems?
Operating personnel
15. Can the heat pump be operated with faulty shutdown protections?
Not allowed
16. How fast should heating of network water be carried out when circulation is established?
Not more than 30°C per hour
17. What shut-off valves are used as shut-off valves at the input of heating networks to a heating point?
Steel
18. When does the heating season end?
If within five days the average daily temperature of the outside air is + 8 ° C and above
19. Who approves the list of complex switching in the thermal schemes of boiler houses and heating networks?
Technical leader of the organization
20. Which of the following are organizational measures that ensure the safety of work during equipment repair?
Registration of work by order or order, admission to work, supervision during work, registration of a break in work, transfer to another place, completion of work
21. What administrative fine can legal entities be subjected to for commissioning thermal power plants without the permission of the relevant authorities?
From ten thousand to twenty thousand rubles or administrative suspension of activities for up to ninety days
22. Which of the organization's specialists can be appointed responsible for the good condition and safe operation of thermal power plants?
A specialist from among the management personnel or a specialist with a special heat and power education after checking the knowledge of the relevant rules and instructions
23. How often should an internal inspection be carried out chimney and flue with shutdown of all connected boilers?
5 years after commissioning and thereafter at least once every 10 years
24. How should fuel be supplied to boiler rooms?
mechanized
25. What thickness should be the thermal insulation of the supply pipelines of hot water supply systems, with the exception of connections to water-folding devices?
Not less than 10 mm
26. Which of the following activities are not included in the set of measures in preparation for the heating period to ensure the reliability of heat supply to consumers?
27. How often are standard switching programs reviewed?
At least once every three years, as well as after the commissioning, reconstruction or dismantling of equipment, taking into account changes in technological schemes and schemes of technological protection and automation
28. Who owns the right to issue orders for work at thermal power plants?
To the specialists of the workshop (section) in charge of the equipment, who have passed the knowledge test, are admitted to independent work and are included in the list of workers entitled to issue orders
29. What body executive power carries out technical control and supervision in the electric power industry?
Federal Service for Ecological, Technological and Nuclear Supervision
30. Who carries out the acceptance of thermal power plants from the overhaul?
The working commission appointed by the administrative document for the organization
31. In accordance with the requirements of what regulatory and technical documents should the operation of industrial smoke and ventilation pipes be carried out?
In accordance with the Safety Rules for smoke and ventilation industrial pipes (PB 03-445-02)
32. What should be the oxygen content in gas pipelines after purging?
Not more than 1%
33. How often should hydraulic tests of boilers be carried out?
At least once every three years
34. What material should fittings be installed on the outlets of heating networks from heat sources?
35. What document must be drawn up for each heat point?
Technical certificate
36. Where should heat supply organizations approve a schedule for limiting the supply of thermal energy in case of taking urgent measures to prevent or eliminate accidents in the heat supply system?
At the local executive authority
37. In accordance with what document are tests of thermal power plants carried out, as a result of which the power supply regime may change significantly?
In accordance with the working test program
38. What are the requirements for the design of outfits?
The work order is issued in two copies. In both copies, the entries must be clear and legible. Corrections and deletions of the written text are prohibited.
39. What federal law establishes the basic rights and obligations of subjects of the electric power industry in carrying out activities in the field of electric power and consumers of electric and thermal energy?
40. Under what condition is the inclusion in the operation of thermal power plants?
After the admission of thermal power plants to operation
41. What documents determine the territory for the placement of industrial buildings and structures of thermal power plants?
Project and passport of a thermal power plant
42. How often should an inventory of the amount of fuel delivered to the warehouse and consumed by the boiler be carried out?
3. At least once a quarter
43. What is the minimum holding time under test pressure during hydraulic testing of the boiler?
44. With what frequency should the hydraulic regimes of water heating networks be developed for the heating and summer periods?
Annually
45. How often should cleaning be carried out internal parts ventilation ducts?
At least 2 times a year, if the operating conditions do not require more frequent cleaning
46. Where should cases of untreated water supply for feeding the heating network be noted?
In the operating log
47. In what operational states can thermal power plants accepted for operation be located?
In operation, reserve, repair or conservation
48. How long should closed outfits be kept?
49. Which thermal power plants are not subject to the Rules for the technical operation of thermal power plants?
50. How long is a comprehensive testing of the equipment of thermal power plants?
within 72 hours
51. How often are mandatory inspections of buildings and structures of thermal power plants and heating networks carried out?
2 times a year, spring and autumn
52. How often should scheduled repairs of gas equipment be carried out?
At least once a year
53. How often is it necessary to conduct an internal inspection of deaeratra?
Annually
54. What is the total duration of interruptions during the year for electrochemical protection installations?
No more than 7 days
55. When is heating systems flushed?
After the end of the heating season, as well as after installation, overhaul and maintenance with the replacement of pipes
56. Who controls the quality of source, make-up and network water in heat supply systems?
57. What should the operational and dispatching personnel do if an erroneous order from the higher operational and dispatching personnel is received?
Report the error to the person who gave such an order, if the task is confirmed, complete it and make an entry in the operational log
58. Who should check the preparation of workplaces when a team is admitted to work along side?
The work manager and the work foreman, together with the admitting
59. What body of executive power is the body of state energy supervision?
Federal Service for Ecological, Technological and Nuclear Supervision
60. What is not included in the mandatory forms of work with management personnel and specialists in the operation of thermal power plants?
duplication
61. How many days before the start of the heating season is a partial inspection of those parts of buildings and structures for which defects in repair work were revealed during the general autumn inspection?
For fifteen days
62. How often should the route of underground gas pipelines located on the territory of the boiler house be bypassed?
63. Who gives instructions for commissioning after installation or reconstruction of technological protections that act to shut down equipment?
64. In what case is it allowed to connect new consumers to heating networks?
Only if the heat source has a reserve of power and a reserve of throughput of the mains of the heating network
65. Within what limits is the deviation of the average daily temperature of the water entering the heating and hot water supply system allowed?
Within 3% of the set temperature curve
66. With whom should the schedule for turning on and off heat consumption systems be agreed?
From energy supply companies
67. In what case is round-the-clock dispatch control organized in the organization?
When operating heat supply and heat consumption systems with a capacity of 10 Gcal / h or more, as well as if the organization carries out production activities for the production, transmission
68. What is the minimum allowable amount members of the brigade and what is the minimum number of students that can be included in the brigade?
When working along the side, the team must consist of at least 2 people, including the foreman, who is not indicated in the lines of the order "with members of the team". It is allowed to include in the brigade for each of its main members one trainee or apprentice, or a newly hired worker undergoing practical training, without checking their knowledge of the requirements of safety rules
69. How is the division of responsibility for the operation of thermal power plants between the organization - the consumer of thermal energy and the energy supply organization determined?
On the basis of an energy supply contract
70. With what frequency should the organization conduct operational and adjustment tests and work to develop regime charts and standard characteristics of the elements of the heat supply system?
At least once every five years
71. In boiler houses of what capacity is it necessary to monitor the level of groundwater?
72. How often is it necessary to check the alarm and the correctness of the instrumentation readings?
According to the approved schedule, but at least once a week
73. What data is not indicated on the plate of pumps used to supply boilers with water?
Name of the design organization
74. How often should heat networks be tested for the maximum coolant temperature?
Once every five years
75. What is the allowable rate of hourly leakage of coolant from heating, ventilation and hot water supply systems?
Should not exceed the norm, which is 0.25% of the volume of water
76. When does the heating season begin?
77. To whom, first of all, is the operating personnel of the heat source obliged to report a forced deviation from the load schedule?
Heat network manager
78. How is a break in work processed during the working day?
Carried out by the manufacturer of works alone with the obligatory execution of a new order
During a break in work during the working day (for lunch, according to the conditions of work), the team is removed from the workplace and the outfit remains with the foreman. The admission of the brigade after such a break is carried out by the manufacturer of work alone without registration in the order
79. Who, in accordance with Federal Law No. 35-FZ of March 26, 2003 "On the Electric Power Industry", is a consumer of thermal energy?
Persons purchasing thermal energy for their own household and (or) production needs
80. Which of the following is not indicated in the job description of the staff?
Procedure for preparation for launch, start-up, shutdowns during operation and when troubleshooting
81. What is the storage period provided for executive schemes-general plans of underground structures and communications on the territory of the organization?
Constant
82. What is not allowed to do to prevent spontaneous combustion of coal?
4. To prevent spontaneous combustion of stone, all of the above prohibitions must be observed
83. What should be the minimum test pressure for hydraulic testing of pipelines?
1.25 operating pressure, but not less than 0.2 MPa (2 kgf/cm2)
84. How are preliminary and acceptance tests of pipelines of heating networks carried out?
Water, in some cases pneumatically
85. What kind of lighting should supply chambers of ventilation systems have?
artificial
86. How often is it necessary to audit water treatment equipment and adjust it?
Periodically, at least once every 3 years
87. How does the operational staff carry out the acceptance and handover of the shift during the elimination of technological violations?
Acceptance and delivery of a shift during the elimination of technological violations is not allowed
88. How are changes in the composition of the brigade processed?
A change in the composition of the brigade is drawn up in both copies of the work order by the work manager
89. What should an employee do if he notices a malfunction of an electrical installation or protective equipment?
Immediately report this to your immediate supervisor, in his absence - to a higher manager
90. How are pressure measuring instruments selected?
The maximum working pressure measured by the device must be within 2/3 of the scale maximum at a constant load, 1/2 of the scale maximum - at a variable load. The upper limit of the scale of self-recording pressure gauges must correspond to one and a half times the working pressure of the medium being measured
91. Who in the organization approves the schedule for preventive maintenance of buildings and structures of the boiler house?
Head of the organization
92. How often is a selective revision of reinforcement carried out?
At least once every four years
93. With what frequency are the regime and adjustment tests of boilers operating on gaseous fuels carried out?
At least once every three years
94. What water is used to feed the heating network?
softened deaerated water
95. How often should the equipment of supply ventilation systems be inspected?
At least once a week
96. At what time is the development of preparation schedules for the upcoming heating period?
Until the end of the current heating season, but no later than May of the current year
97. In what case is an extraordinary knowledge test not carried out?
If there is a break in work in this position for more than 3 months
98. What is not indicated in the documents for the supply of liquid fuel?
Density
99. Where are the results of the technical examination of heat pumps entered?
In the pump passport
100. How often should thermal chambers be inspected during the heating season?
At least once a month
101. Why is there a red line on the pressure gauge scale of a heat-consuming installation?
It shows the allowed pressure.
102. When does the heating season begin?
If within five days the average daily temperature of the outside air is + 8 ° C and below
103. In accordance with what document are tests of thermal power plants carried out, as a result of which the power supply regime may change significantly?
104. Which of the following does not apply to the duties of the person responsible for the good condition and safe operation of thermal power plants?
Preparation of documents regulating the relationship between producers and consumers of thermal energy and coolant
105. How often are current inspections of buildings and structures with a service life of up to 15 years carried out for boiler houses with an installed capacity of less than 10 Gcal/hour?
Allowed once a year
106. When using wet fuel, how often should bins be completely emptied for inspection and cleaning?
107. With what frequency are the operational and adjustment tests of boilers operating on solid and liquid fuels carried out?
At least once every five years
108. With what frequency should rounds of heat pipelines and heat points be carried out during the heating season?
At least once a week
109. What should be the surface temperature of the thermal insulation of heat-consuming installations?
It should not exceed 45°C at an ambient temperature of 25°C
110. In what case can equipment that is in operational control or operational management of higher operational and dispatching personnel be taken out of operation without the permission of this personnel?
Only in case of a clear danger to people and equipment
111. What are the personal responsibility of the leaders of the organization operating thermal power plants and thermal networks?
For violations that occurred at the enterprises they manage, as well as as a result of unsatisfactory organization of repairs and failure to implement organizational and technical preventive measures
112. At what break in work in the specialty is it necessary to undergo retraining for personnel associated with the operation of thermal power plants?
Over 6 months
113. Who in the organization approves the schedule of preventive maintenance of buildings and structures of the boiler house?
Head of the organization
114. What should be the maximum value of the gas pressure fluctuation in the gas pipeline of the boiler room?
Not higher than the value specified in the local regulation, but not higher than 10% of the working pressure
115. Who has the right to remove seals from protection equipment that has devices for changing settings?
Only to workers servicing the protective device
116. What normative value should not exceed the leakage of the coolant during the operation of heating networks?
0.25% of the average annual volume of water in the heating network and the heat consumption systems connected to it per hour
117. What information is not indicated on the plate of a heat-consuming power plant operating under pressure after its installation and registration?
FULL NAME. and the position of the person responsible for the good condition and safe operation of heat-consuming power plants
118. Which of the listed activities are organizational, ensuring the safety of work during equipment repair?
119. What federal law establishes the basic rights and obligations of subjects of the electric power industry in carrying out activities in the field of electric power and consumers of electric and thermal energy?
Federal Law "On Electricity"
120. With what frequency is the check of operational leaders carried out in the control emergency training?
At least once every three months
121. What is the storage period provided for executive schemes-general plans of underground structures and communications on the territory of the organization?
Constant
122. What data is not indicated on the plate of the safety valve?
Commissioning date
123. What valves and gates on thermal networks are equipped with an electric drive?
Diameter 500 mm or more
124. How often is it necessary to replace sealing gaskets of flanged joints of heating systems?
At least once every five years
125. Who controls the quality of source, make-up and network water in heat supply systems?
Chemical laboratory or a special structural subdivision of the organization
126. What document regulates work on the equipment of thermal power plants and heating networks?
Written order or verbal order
127. Who, in accordance with the Federal Law of March 26, 2003 N35-FZ "On Electricity" is a consumer of thermal energy?
Persons purchasing thermal energy for their own household and (or) production needs
128. How is the admission of personnel to independent work at thermal power plants issued?
An administrative document of the head of an organization or structural unit after passing the necessary safety briefings, training (internships) and testing knowledge, duplication in the scope of the requirements of the Rules for the technical operation of thermal power plants and the absence of medical contraindications when performing work
129. What size should crushed pieces of coal and shale be before being fed into the boiler room?
Max 25mm
130. In which case of the listed boiler is not subject to immediate stop and shutdown?
If the pressure in the boiler drum has risen by 5% above the allowed one and does not increase further
131. How often should technical inspections of cathode and drainage installations of electrochemical protection of heat networks be carried out?
2 times a month and 4 times a month respectively
132. What kind of water is used to flush heating systems?
Tap or process water
133. How many days prior to the test fire before the start of the heating period, the heat supply organization must notify consumers about this?
For three days
134. How often are standard switching programs reviewed?
At least once every three years, as well as after the commissioning, reconstruction or dismantling of equipment, taking into account changes in technological schemes and schemes of technological protection and automation
135. How are changes in the composition of the brigade formalized?
A change in the composition of the brigade is drawn up in both copies of the work order by the work manager
136. Who approves the schedules for testing the knowledge of personnel operating thermal power plants?
Responsible for the good condition and safe operation of thermal power plants
137. In boiler houses of what capacity is it necessary to monitor the level of groundwater?
In boiler houses with an installed capacity of 10 Gcal/hour or more
138. How is the tightness of the connections of the gas pipeline and fittings installed on it checked?
By outward signs gas leaks (smell, sound) using soapy emulsion
139. In what case is it allowed to use one hand pump to feed water-heating boilers?
If their working pressure is not more than 0.4 MPa (4 kgf / cm2) and the total heating surface is not more than 50 m2
140. With what frequency should training be conducted with operational personnel on emergency switching schemes between highways?
On schedule, but at least once a quarter
141. Is it allowed to lay pipes with flammable and combustible liquids and gases through the room for ventilation equipment?
Not allowed under any circumstances
142. Which of the following activities are not included in the set of measures in preparation for the heating period to ensure the reliability of heat supply to consumers?
Increase in tariffs for consumers for heat and power supply
143. Where should the diagrams of thermal power plants be stored?
At the workplace of service personnel
144. When is the serviceability of the pipe lighting fittings monitored?
Daily with lights on
145. How often is external inspection of fuel oil pipelines and fittings carried out?
At least once a year
146. What temperature should the water used in hydraulic testing of steam and hot water boilers have?
Not lower than 5 and not higher than 40°С
147. How often should changes be made to plans, schemes, profiles of heating mains?
Annually in accordance with the actual state of heating networks
148. In what case are extraordinary tests for the strength and density of heat-consuming power plants carried out?
In all of the above cases
149. For what period is an order for the production of work issued?
The order is of a one-time nature, its validity period is determined by the length of the working day of the performers
150. What administrative penalty can be imposed on legal entities for violating the rules for the operation of thermal power plants?
Imposition of an administrative fine from ten thousand to twenty thousand rubles or administrative suspension of activities for up to ninety days
151. What will happen to the permission to allow the power plant to operate if the power plant is not technologically connected to the grid within three months?
Nothing, the permit is valid for six months from the date of its receipt
152. With what frequency is the serviceability of safety valves checked by their short-term "undermining"?
At each start-up of the boiler and periodically once a week
153. On what heating networks should valves and gates be provided with bypass pipelines (bypasses) with shutoff valves?
On water heating networks with a diameter of 500 mm or more at a conditional pressure of 1.6 MPa (16 kgf / cm2) or more
154. What fittings can be used as stop valves with DN up to 50 mm in hot water supply systems?
Any of the above
155. Where should heat supply organizations approve a schedule for limiting the supply of thermal energy in case of taking urgent measures to prevent or eliminate accidents in the heat supply system?
In the local executive authority.
156. How are fittings on the supply pipeline and corresponding fittings on the return pipeline designated?
Odd and even numbers respectively
157. With what frequency should management personnel and specialists of the organization conduct inspections of heat points?
At least once a week
158. Requirements of what rules must be observed during the operation of electrical equipment of thermal power plants?
All of the above rules
159. For what period should records of readings of registering instruments be kept?
At least two months
160. What water level should be maintained in the boiler?
Factory installed and corrected based on commissioning tests
161. What should be equipped with a heating network to control the parameters of the coolant?
All listed selection devices
162. With what frequency is it necessary to inspect the distributing pipelines of heating systems located in the basements?
At least 1 time per month
163. Which of the listed measures are organizational, ensuring the safety of work during equipment repair?
Registration of work by order or order, admission to work, supervision during work, registration of a break in work, transfer to another place, completion of work
164. Which of the following is not included in the required documentation for the operation of thermal power plants?
Copies of conclusions on the absence of medical contraindications for employees to perform work related to the operation of thermal power plants
165. Who in the organization approves the schedule of preventive maintenance of buildings and structures of the boiler house?
Head of the organization
166. Under what condition is it allowed to drain water from a stopped steam boiler with natural circulation?
167. What temperature should the water be when filling the pipelines of heating networks?
Not higher than 70оС
168. What temperature of hot water must be maintained at the points of tapping for centralized hot water supply systems in open systems heat supply?
Not lower than 60°C and not higher than 75°C
169. In accordance with what document are tests of thermal power plants, as a result of which the mode of power supply can change significantly?
In accordance with the Working Test Program
170. With what frequency should the operating instructions for a thermal power plant be reviewed?
At least once every two years
171. What documents determine the territory for the placement of industrial buildings and structures of thermal power plants?
Project and passport of a thermal power plant
172. How often should the bypasses of the route of underground gas pipelines located on the territory of the boiler house be carried out?
At least once every two days
173. Where should the regime cards for the operation of boilers be located?
On control panels
174. During what time should the emergency stock of consumables used by operational personnel to eliminate damage to heating networks be replenished?
In 24 hours
175. What heat-consuming power plants should be subject to additional surveys in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions?
All listed heat-consuming power plants
176. Who approves the list of complex switching in the thermal schemes of boiler houses and heating networks?
Technical leader of the organization
177. Which of the following is not indicated in the operating instructions for a thermal power plant?
List of instructions and other regulatory and technical documentation, installation diagrams, knowledge of which is mandatory for the employee
178. How should the ends of conveyor belts be connected in case of their repair?
By bonding and vulcanization
179. Under what condition is it allowed to drain water from a stopped steam boiler with natural circulation?
After reducing the pressure in it to atmospheric
180. What is the maximum deviation from the specified mode at the heat source is allowed for the temperature of the water entering the heating network?
181. Whether it is possible to carry out analysis of network water from the closed systems of heat supply?
Analysis of network water is not allowed
182. How long should closed outfits be kept?
Within 30 days, work orders for gas hazardous work within 1 year from the date of their issue
183. Who conducts periodic inspections of thermal power plants?
Persons responsible for the good condition and safe operation of thermal power plants
184. What is the conditional diameter of the shut-off valves of fittings installed at the lowest points of water and condensate pipelines?
Not less than 25 mm
185. With what frequency should re-briefing on labor safety be carried out for personnel servicing thermal power plants?
At least once every six months
186. What is not allowed to do to prevent spontaneous combustion of coal?
To prevent spontaneous combustion of stone, all of the above prohibitions must be observed.
187. What data is not indicated on the plate of the safety valve?
Commissioning date
188. How often should technical inspections be carried out to check the efficiency of installations for electrochemical protection of heating networks?
1 time in 6 months
189. What are the requirements for pipelines laid in basements and other unheated premises?
They must be equipped with thermal insulation.
190. What is the minimum duration of duplication after knowledge testing is established for operational managers of thermal power plants?
191. With what frequency should the bunkers when using wet fuel be completely emptied for inspection and cleaning?
Scheduled, but at least once every 10 days
192. Who gives instructions for commissioning after installation or reconstruction of technological protections that act to shut down equipment?
Responsible for the good condition and safe operation of thermal power plants
193. Whether it is possible to apply shutoff valves as regulating?
3 .Not allowed under any circumstances
194. What is the frequency and timing of the current repair of heat consumption systems?
At least once a year (in summer), must end no later than 15 days before the start of the heating season
From ten thousand to twenty thousand rubles or administrative suspension of activities for up to ninety days
195. In what case can the responsibility for the good condition and safe operation of thermal power plants be assigned to an employee who does not have a thermal power education?
When thermal energy is consumed only for heating, ventilation and hot water supply
196. In what case is it allowed to use non-metallic pipes for pipelines of heating networks and heating points?
At a water temperature of 115°C and below at a pressure of up to 1.6 MPa inclusive
197. How often is it necessary to clean the outer surfaces of heating devices from dust and dirt?
At least once a week
198. Who carries out maintenance and repair of measuring instruments of thermal parameters of thermal power plants?
Personnel of the subdivision performing the functions of the metrological service of the organization
199. Who issues permission to turn on or turn off heat points and heat consumption systems?
Manager of the power supply organization
200. Which thermal power plants are not subject to the Rules for the technical operation of thermal power plants?
For thermal power plants of thermal power plants
201. Who approves the procedure for organizing and conducting rounds and inspections of workplaces?
4. Head of the organization
202. What heating system is equipped with devices for automatic control of the consumption of thermal energy and coolant?
A system with an estimated heat consumption for space heating of 50 kW or more
203. In what case is an extraordinary survey of thermal power plants carried out?
In any of the above cases
204. How often are current inspections of buildings and structures with a service life of up to 15 years carried out for boiler houses with an installed capacity of less than 10 Gcal/hour?
Allowed once a year
205. What surface should platforms for drain equipment have?
They must have a concrete surface.
206. When are tests of air heating and forced ventilation systems carried out to determine the efficiency of installations and their compliance with passport and design data?
Before acceptance into operation after installation, reconstruction, as well as during operation in case of deterioration of the microclimate, but at least 1 time in 2 years
207. In what case is round-the-clock dispatch control organized in an organization?
When operating heat supply and heat consumption systems with a capacity of 10 Gcal / h or more, as well as if the organization carries out production activities for the production, transmission
