Composite rebar is rebar made from composite materials rather than steel. Their components are glass roving and/or basalt fibers, which are held together by polymer binders. It, unlike metal, is not welded, but fastened with special clamps. Also, composite reinforcement is known as "non-metallic".

Here we will talk about the production of composite (fiberglass and basalt-plastic) reinforcement, its manufacturing technology, raw materials and equipment for this business.

Composite reinforcement is used primarily, of course, in construction, but it can also be used in everyday life, for example, for assembling greenhouses.

Video review of the material and its advantages

A short visual video about what it is:

The main advantages of composite reinforcement:

Compared to metal, composite has a much higher strength index - 1100 MPa, and standard steel - only 390 MPa. Tensile strength compared to class A III steel reinforcement - three times more;
Composite reinforcement is a material that is not susceptible to corrosion;
Ideal for use in sea water, as it is not subject to acid corrosion;
More elastic than steel;
Does not conduct electricity;
Does not conduct heat;
Composite reinforcement is radio transparent;
Does not change its strength characteristics under the influence of electromagnetic fields;
Does not change its strength characteristics under the influence of low temperatures (up to -70 ° C);
Significantly lighter (more than nine times) compared to metal reinforcement.

Regardless of the required and desired volume, the production of fiberglass reinforcement requires investments in the amount of 4-16 million rubles.

Technology and equipment for production

Raw materials for the manufacture of composite reinforcement:

Roving (basalt and/or glass roving);
resins;
Braided thread (roving, which will go for winding);
Acetone;
Ethanol;
Dicyandiamide.

Raw materials may be different in composition.

Fiberglass (SPA) and basalt-plastic (BPA) reinforcement are the most popular today in Russia, but there is also a combined type - a fiberglass rod, and a relief (ribs) from "basalt".

Most often, thermosetting synthetic resins act as binders, including organosilicon and phenolaldehyde resins (they harden during a polycondensation reaction); epoxy and unsaturated (do not emit by-products during the curing process).

Other polymers that have occupied a solid niche include polyimide, polybenzimidazole, and polybenzothiazole. These resins are often used with the addition of other polymers.

In order to obtain fiberglass reinforcement with a high level of resistance to various kinds of corrosion at the output, an epoxyphenol binder should be used. The polyester binder will give the reinforcement enhanced electrical properties.

For one kilogram of fiberglass reinforcement, 0.862 glass bundle-roving of such brands as RBN-10-2520 or RBN-10-2520-4E should be used; epoxy resin requires 0.134 of the following grades: ED-20 or ZIS-1; phenol-formaldehyde resin will require 0.116 brand LBS-1; dicyandiamide - 0.03; ethyl alcohol - 0.015; braided thread - 0.01 kg; acetone - 0.021.

The basis for the production of non-metallic reinforcement has already become the traditional method for the production of fiberglass - drying and unwinding the fiber, impregnating it with a binder, and polymerization.

Video of the manufacturing process:

Equipment for the production of composite reinforcement (fiberglass or basalt plastic):

Line device (it may be different). Prices for such lines start from 3,000,000 rubles.

The principle of continuous drawing makes it possible to produce non-metallic reinforcement from any type of fiber, while taking into account its manufacturability and temperature conditions for the curing of binders.

Reinforcement made of fiberglass or other composites successfully replaces steel counterparts.

The demand for the material in the market is due to the cheapness of raw materials and ease of installation.

Products have a low cost due to the production on automated lines from inexpensive raw materials, in particular recycled glass. This reduces the cost of the final product and saves natural resources.

The demand for non-metallic fiberglass reinforcement for reinforced concrete structures and foundations is constantly growing. It is used in construction and for household needs. Read on to find out how it's made.

Non-metallic fittings have been produced since the middle of the 20th century.

It attracts builders by the fact that during installation the operation of welding is excluded - reinforcing elements connected with clamps.

Often, the material goes into production after processing, which reduces the cost of production.

The basis for the manufacture of the product is glass roving. It is obtained from aluminoborosilicate glass by melting and drawing into filaments.

Roving- this is a bundle of threads impregnated with a lubricant.

As additional consumables are used:

epoxy resin;
special braided thread for winding reinforcement;
ethyl alcohol, acetone;
dicyandiamide.

In Russia, there is a regulatory framework for the production of such fittings.

The document sets out the requirements for the material, in additions - test rules; all standards for the manufacture of composite polymer reinforcement are regulated by GOST 31938-2012.

Regulatory acts contain test methods for determining performance properties:

32486-2013 - durability;
32487-2013 - resistance to aggressive environments;
32492-2013 - mechanical characteristics (ultimate compressive-tensile loads, bending), adhesion strength with concrete.

Comparison of metal and composite

The table shows a comparative characteristic of fiberglass and steel reinforcement:

Polymer products cheaper steel. Unlike the latter, she:

does not corrode in sea water;
not afraid of exposure to acids;
does not conduct electricity and heat.

Equipment

Many reinforcing plants have mastered the production of products from composite materials.

They produce rods according to GOST and according to their own specifications.

Products differ in the thickness of the trunks.

Serious enterprises warn buyers about this and provide reliable information about the product.

Factories in the territory of the Russian Federation

NZKT, Nizhny Novgorod. It produces fiberglass (and basalt) reinforcement with a diameter of 3-36 mm. Production is carried out on our own equipment. Sells production lines for the manufacture of reinforcement and mesh. Monthly performance the enterprise is 1 million m. The products were used in the construction of metro lines in Moscow. Estimated price of 1 m: 6.3 rubles. (4-22 mm); 158 rub. (24-40 mm).
VZKM, Voronezh. Products comply with GOST R 31938-2012. The raw material is Advantex fiberglass. Size range: 4-10 mm in 1 mm increments; 10, 12, 14 mm. Goods are released in bays 50 and 100 m. Productivity - 800,000 m per month. Approximate prices for 1 meter: 0.9 rubles. (4-8 mm); 26-46 rub. (10-14 mm).
AlYur Plant, Kaluga. The cost of 1 linear meter: 7-10 rubles. (4-6 mm); 14-30 rub. (8-12 mm).

At the request of the customer, the company produces bar of non-standard diameter.

Fiberglass production lines

The technological cycle of production is carried out on specialized lines.

Standard set of equipment for the production of composite reinforcement:

a creel on which bobbins with glass roving are installed;
the tension device includes a raw material heating unit and an impregnation bath;
the wrapper is intended for the formation and winding (coiling) of the rod;
sand spreading machine;
a tunnel oven is used to heat the bundle of threads after impregnation with epoxy resin;
bath for water cooling of the bundle after the furnace;
driven clamping device, automatic cutter.

The length of the room for the installation of the line must be at least 22 meters. Each of the machines is about a meter wide. Average starting power - 12 kW, working - 4 kW.

Technology makes two demands for workshop equipment:

A forced draft is supplied to the furnace.
Supply (forced or natural) ventilation must be installed in the workshop.

There are equipment of different companies on the market, designed for different performance and volumes of fiberglass products, therefore, different in price.

Some examples of inexpensive low-power lines for small workshops

Estimated price

A set of units will cost a small enterprise 1.5-1.8 million rubles, a line of average productivity - more than 3 million.

Thus, Mashspetsstroy sells lines and machines for the production of composite fiberglass reinforcement, designed to produce 8 m / min of a rod with a diameter of 12 mm, at a price of $43,000.

Ivanovo Mechanical Plant offers two modifications of lines:

single-strand for 10 m/min at a price of $29,000;
two-strand 20 m / min at a price of $ 35 thousand.

Two types of reinforcement can be produced on the units: ribless and coiled. The dimensions, cost and energy consumption of the line for the manufacture of the first type are less.

Unit characteristics

Here are two samples of inexpensive lines.

"TLKA-2" Armatura-Sila company. The length of the technological chain is up to 18 m, the length of the rod is up to 12 m, the width is 2 m. The line with a capacity of 5-10 km/shift is served by 2-3 people. The cost is 1.2 million rubles. (with an automatic twister in two threads - 1.75 million). Produces rebar with a diameter of 4-20 mm. The total power of the machines is 12-14 kW.
PLPSA-20 PlastOsnova LLC. The two-strand line with a length of 16 m is designed for the manufacture of rebar with a diameter of 4-16 mm. The manufacturer recommends installation in a room with a length of 22, a height of 2.5 m and an air temperature of at least 16⁰С. The cost is 1 million rubles.

Manufacturing technology

A brief technical process for the preparation of glass roving:

preparation of feedstock - to give the material ductility, it is melted;
drawing threads up to 20 microns thick;
applying an oiling agent to the threads;
the formation of bundles from a plurality of threads, i.e. in fact, glass roving.

Roving is the basis of future fittings.

Its strength and other technical characteristics depend on it.

Therefore, for the manufacture of composite reinforcement, it is very important to use high-quality raw materials.

To reduce the cost of products, it is permissible to add glass, recycled.

The process of heating and separating the threads is carried out on the line units.

The equipment is configured for products of a certain length and diameter.

The threads tucked into the creel go to the tension device, which performs several functions. The machine evenly distributes the internal stresses that have arisen in the threads and arranges them in the form of a bundle.
Ligaments with applied oil composition are dried and heated with heated air.
Prepared bundles of threads are lowered into baths filled with a heated binder.
The calibration mechanism forms a rod of a given diameter. In the case of manufacturing reinforcing bars with ribs, braided threads are wound onto the base.
The billets enter the tunnel kiln. Preliminarily, fine sand is distributed over the surface of products without winding.

To exit the finished product, it remains only to cool the rods with running water, cut or wind them into coils.

Useful video

This video clearly shows the production technology of fiberglass composite reinforcement from fiberglass on the TLKA-2 line:

Conclusion

Making a technological product with high demand is an attractive idea for organizing an enterprise.

For and fittings from it there are all the prerequisites:

Available raw materials and equipment.
2-3 people are enough to service the line.
With the same characteristics, the cost of fiberglass reinforcement is lower than steel reinforcement by about 30%.
The material is much lighter than the metal counterpart, which reduces transportation costs. So, 2 tons of rolled steel cost the same as 160 kg of composite.

The company has good development prospects, as fiberglass reinforcement is increasingly used by small construction companies.

In contact with

The article reveals the key aspects of the production of fiberglass reinforcement, the choice of equipment and components for its manufacture. As well as ways to sell finished products, including calculations for capital investments and net profit.

fiberglass reinforcement- this is a bundle of continuous, high-strength glass fibers combined into one element (reinforcing rod). Synthetic resins serve as a connecting link for the fibers, which ensure the joint operation of the fibers and protect them both from mechanical influences during the manufacture of the product, and during operation from the effects of external environments.

The main characteristics of fiberglass reinforcement

Tear resistant. 3 times stronger than steel counterparts.
Not subject to corrosion.
Resistant to fresh and sea water.
High elastic properties.
It is a dielectric (not electrically conductive).
Has low thermal conductivity.
It is radio transparent and not affected by electromagnetic fields.
Does not collapse under the influence of low temperatures.
With uniform replacement in concrete structures, it is 6-9 times lighter than steel reinforcement.
Possibility to obtain any design length.

Application area

Fiberglass reinforcement is used in road and industrial civil construction.
In buildings for various purposes, including concrete structures.
When using light and heavy concrete mixtures: all types of foundations, concrete floors, foam concrete.
For layered masonry brick buildings.
As fasteners (dowels) for fixing thermal insulation.
As reinforced rods and meshes.
In the form of a bearing, facing and rigid layer for bonding multilayer stone and brick walls.
Used to strengthen the coast, as well as in marine and port facilities.
All types of water disposal, melioration and sewerage.
In concrete structures for chemical productions.

Photo options for the use of fiberglass reinforcement

Relevance of the business idea

The construction market, as well as the building materials market, can be confidently attributed to the most developing and promising sector of the economy. In this regard, the production and sale of building materials is always in demand. Including a new product for this market - composite fiberglass reinforcement.

What is the advantage of this business idea?

Who is the potential buyer of the product?

The market for the implementation of fiberglass reinforcement is quite wide: from individual developers to large companies. Consider all distribution channels in more detail.

The implementation of physical persons (developers). Prospects - the ability to create a strong regional sales market, subject to low productivity of the enterprise.
Realization to construction shops and small firms. Prospects - an opportunity to create an extensive trading network both at the regional and all-Russian level.
Sales to large construction companies. Prospects - the ability to significantly increase the production of s / p fittings through the conclusion of long-term contracts.

How is fiberglass reinforcement made?

The production of fiberglass reinforcement is a high-tech process that consists of the following steps:

Resin impregnation of fiberglass in the form of continuous threads (roving).
Feeding the roving into the shaping die to obtain a rod of a certain diameter.
Pulling the starting material through a polymerization chamber heated to a certain temperature.
Winding and fastening the profile to create a ribbed surface.

What equipment is required for the organization of production?

Now there is plenty, however, not all of it meets the needs of small businesses. Mainly because of the high cost. Therefore, we will consider a more optimal option: presented by the company "PLAST OSNOVA".

Line performance meters per minute.

Rebar diameter	one stream	two streams

The cost of a set of equipment is 1,000,350 rubles.

Manufacturing plant requirements

To place the line, the room must meet the following criteria:

The length of the room is at least 22 m;
The height of the ceilings in the room is at least 2.5 m;
Height difference at the equipment placement site - no more than 5 cm;
The presence of ventilation with an air outflow of at least 250 liters per minute.
The room must be heated so. air not lower than 16-18°С.

How much money will be required to organize production?

Capital investment

Acquisition of basic equipment - 1,350,000 rubles.
Purchase of a working tool, equipment - 250,000 rubles.
Purchase of raw materials - 500,000 rubles.
The cost of delivery, installation of the line and equipment of the premises - 200,000 rubles.
Other expenses associated with organizing a business - 250,000 rubles.
Total - 2 300 000 rub.

How much can you earn in the production of fiberglass reinforcement?

The calculation of the profitability of activities is presented in the table:

* It takes 3 - 6 months on average to reach forecast revenue.

How many products do you need to produce per month in order for the activity to pay off?

To achieve self-sufficiency, it is necessary to sell products worth 750 thousand rubles per month. (125 thousand linear meters of products). Thus, before starting this type of activity, it is necessary to assess the possibility of selling products (market capacity) in the region where it is planned to open such an enterprise. If the calculations made show that the market capacity is much smaller, then it is not recommended to start this type of activity.

Composite reinforcement has recently been steadily replacing steel. This is due to many reasons, among which the most important are the low cost of products, ease of installation without the use of welding. Equipment for the production of fiberglass reinforcement is a single line with automation elements.

Production of fiberglass reinforcement as an idea for a business

The construction theme has always been and remains attractive for business. Especially in those moments when new building materials are being introduced. At the moment, this is fiberglass (composite) reinforcement. The advantages of the business idea for the production of this type of product are obvious:

equipment for the production of composite reinforcement is much cheaper than for the manufacture of its steel counterpart. It is less metal intensive, has small dimensions and does not require numerous service personnel. A team of two or three people is enough to organize the release of products. And this significantly reduces its cost;
it costs 30 percent less than steel, not inferior to the latter in strength characteristics (in some respects, the material even surpasses steel). For large construction organizations, this price ratio allows you to save huge amounts;
heavy vehicles are not required for delivery: two tons of rolled metal corresponds to 160 kilograms of material. And if we take into account that ASP is supplied in coils, then such an amount can be transported in the trunk of a passenger car;
potential consumers of products are private developers, small construction companies, building materials stores and large construction companies. Such a wide range of buyers will create a stable market during the period of development of the enterprise with the prospect of expanding production through the conclusion of long-term contracts with a large consumer.

Technological process

The main raw material for the production of fiberglass reinforcement is glass roving. It is made by melting aluminoborosilicate glass and then drawing it into a 10 to 20 micron thick filament. Threads impregnated with a special lubricant are collected in a bundle. This beam is called glass roving.

In addition to roving, the production of ASP requires:

resins;
braided thread (roving, which goes to the reinforcement winding);
ethanol;
acetone;
dicyandiamide.

The production technology of fiberglass reinforcement is as follows:

roving threads (in the amount of 60 pieces) from a special device (creel) are fed to the tension mechanism, in which they are arranged in the appropriate order;
arranged in the right order, the threads go through the stage of drying and preheating with hot air;
heated roving is immersed in an impregnating bath;
from the bath, the material is pulled through the dies to obtain a given diameter of the future reinforcement;
after the spinnerets, the threads go to the winder, which forms the reinforcement rod with the winding. The thickness of the winding depends on the type of reinforcement: a thicker one is made for a classic product, a thin one - in the manufacture of rods with sand dressing;
the rebar prepared on the winder passes through the tunnel oven. At the entrance to the furnace, a unit is installed that distributes sand over the rod. If no topping is provided, this device remains empty. The tunnel oven is designed to accelerate the polymerization process of impregnating resins;
the hot tourniquet is sent to the cooling bath, where it is completely cooled under running water;
a continuous, cooled bar is passed through a pulling mechanism, at the exit of which the bar is cut to a predetermined size.

Organization of production

The business plan for organizing the production of fiberglass composite reinforcement includes the preparation of the premises and the purchase of the necessary equipment.

Requirements for the premises

Production does not require large production areas. Only along the length of the room there is a certain requirement: it should not be less than 22 meters. The width is not strictly regulated, since according to this parameter, technological equipment does not occupy more than one meter.

Regarding the power consumption, it should be taken into account that during the start-up of a set of equipment (technological line), about 12 kW will be required. During operation, only 4 kW is sufficient.

Lines for the production of fiberglass reinforcement must be equipped with a forced exhaust ventilation system. Accordingly, you should take care of the influx of fresh air. The supply ventilation system can be either forced or natural (the choice of one or another option must be confirmed by appropriate calculations). The exhaust system is connected to a tunnel oven.

Machines for the production of fiberglass reinforcement

creel (designed to accommodate bobbins with roving);
tensioning device with a heating unit and an impregnating bath;
wrapper (forms the central rod and performs winding);
installation for the distribution of sand dressing;
tunnel-type furnace for heating the impregnated tow;
cooling unit (water);
clamping device (roller or caterpillar) with a drive;
automatic cutting device.

Equipment manufacturers

There is no shortage of equipment for the production of plastic fittings. Many of the presented lines are designed for large volumes of production, they are expensive and are of no interest to small businesses. But inexpensive low-performance copies are also produced, which are optimal for small production workshops:

PRO-engineering LLC (Novosibirsk)

It produces single and double-flow lines with a capacity of 5000 to 8000 m/shift. The operating power of the equipment is from 9 to 17 kW.

INEO Company (Moscow)

Engaged in the manufacture of equipment for the manufacture of ASP since 2008.

The company bases its production on the latest technologies in Russia and foreign countries. Components for the production of lines are supplied from Italian and German factories.

UralArmaProm (Yekaterinburg)

It manufactures lines for the production of ASP of small diameters (from 6 to 8 mm). This company, like the previous one, acquires components abroad:

pneumatics- Italian production (CAMOZZ);
electronics- from Korea (DELTA electronics, LSis, KIPPRIBOR);
bearings- Japanese origin (NSK), etc.

Video: "Line for the production of fiberglass reinforcement"

Estimated price of equipment for the production of fiberglass reinforcement

The average cost of a set of equipment suitable for small businesses is 1.5 - 1.7 million rubles. A more productive line (up to 400 m/h) will cost 3.5 million rubles.

For example, a line from the Mashspetsstroy Group of Companies with a capacity of 8 m / min. (wire diameter 4mm) and 2m/min. (diameter 16mm) will cost the consumer $43,000.

Ivanovo mechanical plant for the production of fiberglass fittings offers its products even cheaper. The manufacturer produces two modifications of the line: one-strand and two-strand. The productivity of the equipment is respectively 10 and 20m/min. The single-strand line costs $29,000 and the two-strand line costs $35,000.

When choosing equipment for the production of ASP, it is necessary to take into account that these products have a different appearance. This depends on the dimensions of the line. For example, ribless rebar is produced on a line, the total length of which is about a meter shorter than the set intended for the manufacture of coiled. Accordingly, its cost will be less (by about 100 euros) and power consumption (on average by 0.5 kW).

* Calculations use average data for Russia

1. PROJECT SUMMARY

The purpose of the project is the organization of an enterprise for the production of fiberglass reinforcement. Location - pos. Reenactor of the Rostov region. Sales are carried out directly to construction and installation organizations, as well as wholesale bases of building materials.

Production is located on leased premises, equipment is acquired in ownership. The production technology is transferred along with the equipment by its supplier. The project is distinguished by high profitability and medium risk, which is primarily due to the relative novelty of the product for the Russian market. In addition, the high profitability of the business is ensured by the simplicity of the manufacturing technology of this product.

The integral performance indicators of the project allow one to judge its high investment attractiveness (Table 1).

Table 1. Integral project performance indicators

2. COMPANY AND INDUSTRY DESCRIPTION

Reinforcement is one of the most used materials in construction. It is used to reinforce concrete building parts and structures. Reinforced concrete structures are called reinforced concrete structures. Historically, steel reinforcement is used for this, the production of which is quite material- and capital-intensive. At the same time, it has a number of weaknesses: resistance to corrosion, high weight, etc. Fiberglass reinforcement is a modern alternative - it is much lighter, not subject to negative environmental influences, and the cost of its production is minimal.

Production, in order to reduce the cost of renting premises, is located within 10 km from the city of Rostov-on-Don, in the village. Reenactor. Sales region - Rostov region. Given the fact of a stable growth in construction volumes, even in a difficult economic environment, the sales market for fittings is very wide. According to Rostovstat, in 2015 more than 575,000 m2 of housing was put into operation in the Rostov region, which is 13% more than in 2014. 52% of this volume falls on individual housing construction. Industrial construction and the construction of public buildings do not show such growth rates, but construction volumes are stable.

The technology of frame-monolithic construction, which is widespread today, involves the use of reinforcement in large volumes. Thus, the main sales channel is the supply of material directly to construction sites in agreement with the construction and installation organization that performs concrete work. In addition, about 10% of the total volume is planned to be sold through building materials bases, where they can be purchased by private individuals for individual construction.

The level of competition in the segment is quite high. In addition, this type of product does not have pronounced consumer properties; there are analogues and substitutes on the market. The most commonly used traditional steel reinforcement, it accounts for at least 70% of the market. However, due to the high-quality processing of the regional market, it is possible to go beyond the remaining 30% accounted for by fiberglass, thus expanding the boundaries of the market.

In order to meet the planned revenue targets, the enterprise must have partnerships with a number of construction organizations. At the moment, the owner of the enterprise has well-established relations with a number of design and construction organizations, which, according to preliminary estimates, can guarantee the sale of up to 50% of the planned volume of reinforcement production. To ensure the required level of sales, the company employs two sales representatives who are constantly processing the market, searching for objects and partners.

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The project is not limited in time, but strategic planning is carried out for a five-year period. According to the main vision of the owner, based on the results of five years of work, the company's market share should be at least 10% of the volume of fiberglass reinforcement and at least 3% of the total regional market.

An expedient legal form for this enterprise is an individual entrepreneur, based on the results of a comparison of various options, a simplified taxation system with the object “income minus expenses” was chosen. The amount of required investment costs is 3.33 million rubles, a significant share of which falls on the purchase of equipment and the formation of working capital until the payback is reached. Also, the initial purchase of raw materials for 1.5 million rubles is expected.

Table 2. Investment costs

	NAME	AMOUNT, rub.
Real estate
	Production room preparation
Equipment
	Equipment set
Intangible assets
	Production technology
	Certificate of conformity
working capital
	working capital
	Primary purchase of raw materials

	Total:	3 330 000 ₽

	Own funds:	RUB 1,000,000.00
	Required borrowings:	2 330 000 ₽

	Bid:	18,00%

	Term, months:

The owner will invest 1.0 million of his own funds in the project, the remaining funds are planned to be attracted in the form of a bank loan for a period of 24 months at 18% per annum. Repayment is carried out by annuity payments, credit holidays - three months.

3. DESCRIPTION OF GOODS

The only product of this production is fiberglass reinforcement of various sections - 4, 6, 8 and 10 mm. The supplier of equipment for its production also transfers certificates and test results for products manufactured using the proposed technology. Fiberglass reinforcement is distinguished by: low specific gravity, resistance to aggressive media, low thermal conductivity and a lower modulus of elasticity.

In appearance, the reinforcement is a bar with a periodic section, similar to steel reinforcement. According to the research results, fiberglass reinforcement can be used:

For reinforcing concrete structures both independently and together with metal reinforcement;

In reinforced structures used in aggressive environments that cause corrosion of steel reinforcement;

When repairing reinforced concrete structures damaged by exposure to aggressive environments;

For thin-walled structures in which it is impossible to provide the required thickness of the protective layer;

In concretes with a high content of active mineral additives;

In monolithic concrete when making frost-resistant chloride additives;

In porous and large-porous concretes;

For reinforcing masonry, primarily with the introduction of antifreeze additives.

Thus, we can conclude that the scope of fiberglass reinforcement is even wider than steel. It can be used both as rods and meshes with polymer thread tying and knot processing with epoxy resin.

Table 3. Comparative characteristics of metal and fiberglass reinforcement

Characteristic	Steel 35GS, 25GS, etc.	Non-metallic (fiberglass" fittings
Tensile strength, MPa
Modulus of elasticity, MPa
Relative extension, %
Density, t / m 3
Corrosion resistance to aggressive environments	Corrodes with the release of rust products	Stainless material of the first group of chemical resistance
Thermal conductivity	Thermally conductive	Non-thermal conductive
Electrical conductivity	Electrically conductive	Non-conductive - dielectric
Produced profile, mm
		Any length on request

According to the physical and mechanical characteristics, it is allowed to reduce the profile of fiberglass reinforcement compared to metal by 1 dimensional step: a diameter of 6 mm of a metal bar can be replaced with a diameter of 4 of fiberglass, etc. This largely positively affects the cost of the finished concrete structure.

For the production of fiberglass reinforcement, two main components are used: glass roving and compound as a binder. The type of roving is selected depending on the environment and conditions in which the concrete structure will be used. The cost of this raw material forms the production cost of fittings. Variable costs per unit of production are given in Table. 4.

Table 4. Variable costs and the formation of the selling price

PRODUCT / SERVICE	COSTS PER UNIT, rub.	TRADING MARGIN, %	UNIT COST, RUB.




		Total:	64 ₽

The company's products are supplied in coils - for small diameters and bars for large ones. Each batch is accompanied by a specification with the main technical characteristics, as well as a copy of the certificate of conformity.

An important point is the need to use personal protective equipment when working with fiberglass fittings to prevent glass dust from entering the skin and respiratory organs.

4. SALES AND MARKETING

The main distribution channel is the direct supply of material to the construction sites of the city and the region (90% of sales). Secondary - retail sales through the bases of building materials (10% of sales).

This niche does not diversify by price; Competitors' prices are about the same. Physical and mechanical properties also practically do not differ. Therefore, it is necessary to provide the necessary additional service, as well as flexible terms of delivery and payment. Relations within this market and partnerships with its participants are also important.

The personal connections of the owner of the enterprise with the construction and installation organizations of the region, developed over many years, make it possible to provide from 40 to 50% of the planned sales volume. The remainder of the sales are handled by the company's sales representatives handling the civil, industrial and road construction markets. For such products, project sales are important, in which each building object is processed from all possible sides. Work is being done with:

design organizations;

Construction organizations (general contractor);

Installation organizations (subcontractors).

To provide additional service, a technical specialist is introduced into the company's staff, who can, at the request of the designer or contractor, calculate and provide a technical justification for replacing steel reinforcement with non-metallic reinforcement.

The direct shipment is carried out by a sales specialist who issues invoices, controls their payment and compliance with the agreed terms of payment. Transportation of goods is carried out by the customer, or with the involvement of a transport company.

The competition in this segment is quite high. An analysis of open sources shows the presence of more than 70 organizations for the request "Reinforcing Rostov" and about 20 for the request "Fiberglass Reinforcement Rostov". Direct competitors can be considered organizations that sell both types of fittings. However, their marketing approach is different.

Suppliers of steel fittings, as a rule, offer a wide range of other steel building materials and structures. Often these are large factories or trading companies. Due to the complex supply, they have the opportunity to conclude profitable contracts. Work is carried out mainly with representatives of supply departments. Suppliers of non-metallic fittings are small businesses that specialize in the production of one type of product. Neither the first nor the second, as a rule, do serious project work. For this reason, to ensure maximum competitiveness, the concentration of enterprise specialists on it is required.

Particular attention should be paid to industrial facilities with the presence of chemically aggressive industries. In some cases, large specialized design and construction organizations from other regions are involved in the construction of such projects. Work is also carried out with them, for which business trips of sales representatives and a technical specialist are organized.

Demand has a pronounced seasonality, coinciding with general construction seasonality. Peaks occur in spring and late summer - early autumn.

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The pricing policy of the organization is regulated by the market, is at the average market level. At the same time, the recommendations of the equipment supplier with experience in developing such business projects are also taken into account. However, a flexible discount policy is provided depending on the volume of purchases, as well as depending on the status and importance of the construction site. There is also a cash discount for full prepayment.

For passive promotion of goods, placement in the printed and online catalogs of the region is used with periodic priority allocation of the advertising module - immediately before the start of the construction season and during it. Advertising costs are calculated on an annual average for each month.

5. PRODUCTION PLAN

The equipment is purchased from its direct manufacturer, who has extensive knowledge in the production and marketing of non-metallic fittings. With a set of equipment, a production technology is also acquired. With several equipment offerings on the market, the choice is driven by the broadest warranty and service support program and the quality of the equipment, even at slightly higher equipment costs.

When concluding a supply contract, an advance payment of 20% is made to the equipment manufacturer, the remaining amount is transferred upon delivery of the equipment. Delivery time - 7 calendar days. The manufacturer carries out installation and configuration of equipment, as well as conducts training of personnel at the workplace. This stage also takes about 7 calendar days. The required dimensions of the production facility are 15x5 m (75 m 2). There are no special requirements for the premises.

The productivity of the line (in two bars) is about 10,000 m of ASP-6 rebar for an 8-hour shift. With an increase in the diameter of the bar, the productivity decreases proportionally. The advantage of the purchased equipment is the possibility of round-the-clock operation, as well as the possibility of reconfiguring the bar diameter without stopping the line.

In parallel with the training stage, the first batch of raw materials for production is purchased. The main components are: glass roving (filament) and binder (epoxy resin, hardener, catalyst, plasticizer). The supplier of raw materials is selected on the basis of the best ratio of price and quality, while the convenience and cost of logistics play an important role.

The production line allows the production of two rebars at the same time. Two operators are required to service the line. To perform auxiliary work - control of the winding of the coil, transportation to the warehouse, movement of goods in the warehouse - there is an auxiliary worker in the state.

Production is planned in accordance with the sales plan, seasonality. Also, taking into account the possibility of a trouble-free reconfiguration of the line, it is possible to manufacture a certain volume of products on order if an urgent completion of the facility is required.

A detailed production plan is given in Appendix 1.

6. ORGANIZATIONAL PLAN

The management of the enterprise is carried out directly by the owner. The owner has experience in the building materials market, has established relationships with market participants; has business experience.

The organizational chart of the enterprise is shown in Fig. 1. The staffing of the enterprise is reflected in Table. 5.

Figure 1. Organizational chart of the enterprise

Table 5. Staffing and payroll

	Job title	Salary, rub.	Quantity, pers.	FOT, rub.
Administrative
	Accountant
Industrial
	line operator
	Technical Specialist
Trade
	Sales Manager
	Sales Representative
Auxiliary
	support worker

	Total:			RUB 207,000.00
	Social Security contributions:			$62,100.00
	Total with deductions:			$269,100.00

The senior production operator is responsible for compliance with production technology and safety at work. In his submission is the operator of the production line and an auxiliary worker. The rest of the employees are directly subordinate to the individual entrepreneur.

Sales representatives provide the manager with a report on the work done and planned activities for processing the market. Events are coordinated and approved. Requirements for sales representatives when hiring - work experience in the field of trade in building materials for at least 3 years.

Requirements for a technical specialist - the presence of a secondary special or higher education in construction, work experience in the specialty for at least 1 year.

7. FINANCIAL PLAN

The financial plan is calculated based on all the main costs and planned revenue. The financial plan is calculated for a five-year perspective. It is planned to reach the planned revenue volumes in the second year of the project implementation, from the beginning of the construction season peak.

A complete cash flow statement is given in Appendix 2. Monthly fixed costs are shown in Table. 6. Revenue is determined based on the planned production volume with 5 working days per week and an 8-hour work shift.

Table 6. Fixed costs of the enterprise

8. PERFORMANCE EVALUATION

Evaluation of the effectiveness of the project is carried out on the basis of the calculation of integral performance indicators adopted in the global practice. To account for the future value of invested funds, the discount rate adopted for this project at the level of 10% is used, since the product and technologies are known and are not, in fact, innovative; the market is also sufficiently researched and not subject to sharp fluctuations.

The calculated integral indicators of the project are given in Table. 1. Their analysis shows a high investment attractiveness of the project. The payback period of the project is 17 months, and the net profit for five years will be 26.4 million rubles.

9. RISKS AND WARRANTY

The main risks associated with the implementation of the project include:

Decrease in construction volumes;

Raising the cost of raw materials;

Failure to meet sales plan.

The first two factors are beyond the control of the enterprise. It is only possible to conclude a long-term contract with a supplier specifying the conditions for fixing prices for a certain period.

Failure to meet the sales plan has a low probability of implementation, since the sale of the main part of the product, in fact, is guaranteed. However, it is necessary to provide for the creation of a reserve fund for the enterprise, as well as to pay considerable attention to the selection of sales representatives.

Table 7. SWOT analysis of the project

fiberglass glass

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Availability of connections and partnerships in the construction market High quality products due to high-quality equipment and raw materials, as well as compliance with technology Carrying out systematic design work on construction projects in the region	New venture Lack of a formed client base

Work with the most interesting and targeted projects for this type of fittings (aggressive environments) Establishing partnerships with key players in the construction market of the region Increasing production volumes without the need to modernize the equipment fleet	It will take longer to reach the planned sales volume