It's hard to underestimate. This applies to all states without exception, and not just our country. The United States is not something special in this regard. Roosevelt Franklin was one of the most prominent American figures. The biography of this person shows how much a statesman can do if he finds himself at the right time in the right place.
Basic information
Roosevelt Franklin is the 32nd President of the United States (since 1933), who was the candidate of the Democratic Party. Known for complex reforms, which were called the "New Deal". It was Roosevelt's government that established normal diplomatic relations with the USSR in 1933. What else is Roosevelt Franklin famous for? His biography confirms that from the first days of the German attack on the Soviet Union, he passionately advocated the creation of a working class. He attached great importance to diplomatic relations between the victorious states.
More will tell us about how Roosevelt Franklin lived his life, biography. His nationality (and Roosevelt's ancestors were Dutch Jews) suggests that he was a thoughtful, enterprising, intelligent and pragmatic person. Is it so? To answer the question, you need to trace the entire Franklin.
The beginning of life
In particular, in August 1935, he signed a resonant law on social insurance, providing for guaranteed payments of two types at once: for disability (in all cases) and for the needs of medical care. Until that time, nothing like this existed in the country of the "American dream", and it was almost impossible to get high-quality medical care for a person who did not have a decent amount in the account.
Pre-war politics
This is the most controversial period of his reign. On the one hand, Franklin Roosevelt, whose brief biography is given here, behaved like a realist. On the other hand, he acted very infantile and indecisive, apparently fearing a negative reaction from his own henchmen from industrial and financial circles. Oddly enough, but it was this politician who established quite benevolent diplomatic relations with the USSR in 1933. Even in relation to Latin America, he pursued a policy of "good neighborliness", almost for the first time in the history of the United States, talking with the politicians of these countries on an equal footing.
But this is only one side of the coin. The fact is that he avoided exacerbation of processes in every possible way. Simply put, his foreign policy was distinguished by the desire to avoid all really difficult situations, and often Roosevelt, whose biography is striking in his "reversals", did not distinguish between victims and aggressors at all.
However, it was he who, after the atrocities perpetrated by the Japanese army in China (this was in 1937), began to insist on the complete international isolation of those countries that conduct military operations with such cruelty and destroy millions of civilians. But few Western politicians at that time showed any interest in the events unfolding so far in the East. This allowed Japan to strengthen its position as much as possible, and Hitler provided significant assistance to the Mikado.
For example, precisely because of his policy of suspension and non-intervention, the legitimate governments of Italy and Spain at one time were deprived of the opportunity to purchase weapons. Only when the fire of war broke out in Europe did he lift his embargo. But even in this one should not look for excessive altruism: just in this case, America could get a lot more money by selling weapons to all parties to the conflicts at the same time. How did Roosevelt behave during World War II? His biography in this case contains many curious moments.
The Second World War
In 1940, he once again wins the election, after which the British military aid is gaining momentum. At the very beginning of the next year, he signs the decree "On Mutual Assistance", which, among other things, introduces the concept of lend-lease. It was due to him that the Soviet Union was provided with an interest-free loan in the amount of one billion dollars.
Historians still argue how big a role this money and supplies played in the struggle of the Soviet Union against the fascist aggressor, but in any case, it was real and tangible help, which significantly strengthened relations between the two countries in a difficult time for us.
What is lend-lease?
By the way, what does the concept of “lend-lease” mean in general? This is a system by which debt deliveries of weapons, food, ammunition, raw materials, etc. are carried out. Officially, deliveries were made to all countries that were part of the anti-Hitler coalition. Unofficially, loans were also issued to Nazi Germany, and the Krupp factories were reequipped with this money.
President Roosevelt, whose biography we are considering, tried to limit himself to the policy of "skimming the cream" for as long as possible, sending convoys to Europe. This continued until the autumn of 1941, when German boats began to be increasingly noticed in the coastal areas. Then the policy was proclaimed, which later became known as the "Undeclared War".
It was then that the United States allowed to put weapons on its ships, gave them the right to pass through the areas directly covered by the war, and announced that all German and Italian ships that appeared in the American zone of responsibility would be fired upon and sunk.
Japanese attack
When did F. D. Roosevelt, whose biography is interesting to many, move on to more active actions? Perhaps he would have been in time for the section of the "European pie" only in 1944, but here the Mikado played his role.
In early December 1941, the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor in the Pacific. It must be said that for the president himself, this event turned out to be an extremely unpleasant surprise, since he tried in every way, if not to prevent, then to delay the war with Japan. Already on December 8, the United States declares war on Japan, and a few days later on Germany, Italy and other allies of the fascist regimes.
The biography of F. Roosevelt at this moment is poorly covered, since he worked hard, having assumed, in accordance with the Constitution, the post of Commander-in-Chief. Roosevelt worked hard in the field of creating an anti-Hitler coalition.
Expectation and real action
Alas, most of this work was purely paper in nature. None of the members of this coalition, with the exception of the USSR alone, conducted large-scale military operations against the Nazis. Great Britain did host the details of negotiations with which are still the greatest secret of those times.
On January 1, 1942, a declaration was signed that laid the foundation for the creation of the UN. But things did not go further than this - the US President and his allies were in no hurry to open the Second Front, which I.V. Stalin repeatedly asked for. When did F. Roosevelt, whose brief biography you already know, nevertheless change his mind?
Only after the USSR broke the back of Germany's armored power by destroying its strike core near Kursk, only after Stalingrad, in which Paulus' armies were crushed, did he begin to take the Soviet Union seriously and realized that he would have to talk with the Russians after the war. At the conference in Tehran, he no longer supported Churchill, who by all means "denied" the start of a military operation in Europe.
Meeting in Tehran
For the first time, Roosevelt outlined his vision of the development of the world in the postwar period at a conference in Quebec (1943). He called the USA, the USSR, China and Great Britain "policemen of the world", responsible for maintaining a normal world order. In Tehran, F. D. Roosevelt, whose brief biography you probably already understand, also continued to discuss this issue with Stalin and Churchill.
In 1944, Franklin was re-elected for a fourth consecutive term. His speech at the Crimean Conference in Yalta played an important role in the post-war arrangement of the world. His realistic position on this matter was caused, if viewed broadly, both by the successfully continuing offensive of Soviet troops in Eastern Europe, and by the desire to involve the Soviet Union in the procedure for "solving the Japanese question." In addition, he showed Stalin in this way that the United States was also interested in further cooperation in many areas, including military.
After Yalta, an old illness and general overwork, accumulated during all the war hard times, make themselves felt. Despite this, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, whose biography is already coming to an end in our article, continued to intensively prepare for the conference. She was supposed to go to San Francisco. But this was not destined to come true.
On April 12, 1945, this prominent politician died of a cerebral hemorrhage. He was buried in his native Hyde Park. Americans zealously honor the memory of this president, placing him on a par with Lincoln and Washington. It should be emphasized that Franklin Delano Roosevelt, whose brief biography we have reviewed, did a lot to normalize relations between the two countries. It is not his fault that his descendants, with the exception of Kennedy, held dangerously rigid beliefs that could lead to atomic war many times over.
Roosevelt is remembered by many as an unusually pragmatic yet firm politician. He always tried to find a common language even with those whom he decidedly did not understand, and preferred peace to a "glorious fight." It was his reign that was marked by the solution of many social problems and contradictions, which in the modern United States are becoming more and more clearly identified again.
